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在有关直肠癌治疗的报道分析中,由于病例中Ⅲ、Ⅳ期癌占60～70％,致使全部病例的远期疗效不够理想。本文参考国内外有关文献,对直肠癌的手术治疗问题加以综述。进展期直肠癌的外科治疗问题对进展期直肠癌原则上应根据发生部位、进展程度和淋巴结转移等情况决定手术方式。直肠上段癌(自齿状线12cm以上)适用于前切除术;直肠中段癌(自齿状线6～12cm)适用于拉出术。这两种方法比腹会阴联合切除术的死亡率低,而且术中出血与术后尿路感染、排尿排便障碍以及阴茎不能勃起等并发症也少。此为比较良好的术式,国外已广泛使用。
In the analysis of reports concerning treatment of rectal cancer, the long-term curative effect of all cases is not ideal because the cancers in stage III and IV account for 60-70% of cases. This article reviews the domestic and foreign literature, summarizes the surgical treatment of rectal cancer. Surgical treatment of advanced rectal cancer The principle of surgical approach should be based on the site of occurrence, degree of progression, and lymph node metastasis in patients with advanced rectal cancer. Upper rectal cancer (more than 12 cm from the dentate line) is suitable for anterior resection; middle rectal cancer (6-12 cm from the dentate line) is suitable for pull-out surgery. These two methods have lower mortality than abdominal perineal resection, and have fewer complications such as intraoperative bleeding and postoperative urinary tract infections, urination and defecation disorders, and poor penile erection. This is a relatively good surgical technique that has been widely used abroad.