主动脉剥离,是1708年Morgagni在尸检中首次发现的。一百多年来,国外陆续有报告,到1958年已有505例,我院1例4次肾移植术后死亡尸检,发现主动脉剥离,将报告如下: 31岁男性尸体,身长175cm。恶病质。心脏重750g,外观绒毛状。双侧心室及右心房肥大,扩张,乳头肌、肉柱明显增粗,尤以左室更为显著。左心壁厚1.9cm,右厚0.8cm,主动脉瓣相对性关闭不全,主动脉根部,升部及腹主动脉末端有三处向外呈瘤样膨出。主动脉壁分离成内、外两层(图1),于上述三个向外膨大处二层间充以灰白色血栓样物质,其他夹层腔隙内有红褐色絮状物或凝血块。剥离自主动脉根部,直达腹主动脉分叉前,并延及无名动脉、左颈总动脉和左锁骨下动脉。无名动脉根部亦呈瘤样膨出,夹层内有血栓形成。升主动脉内膜面有少量脂纹或脂斑散在。距主动脉环9.2及13.3cm处,靠外侧壁各见一撕裂口,前者呈三角形横裂(1.6×1.2cm),后者 Aortic dissection was first discovered in autopsy by Morgagni in 1708. Over a hundred years, foreign countries have reported that by 1958 there were 505 cases and 1 case of our hospital died of autopsy after 4 renal transplantations. Aortic dissection was found and the report was as follows: A 31-year-old male body with a body length of 175cm. Cachexia. Heart weight 750g, appearance villous. Bilateral ventricular and right atrium hypertrophy, expansion, papillary muscle, meat column was significantly thicker, especially in the left ventricle more pronounced. Left heart wall thickness 1.9cm, right thickness 0.8cm, aortic valve relative insufficiency, the aortic root, ascending and abdominal aorta were three outward tumor-like bulging. Aortic wall separation into the inner and outer layers (Figure 1), in the three outward expansion of the second floor filled with gray thrombus-like material, the other dissection lacunar reddish brown or clot. Peel the autonomic root, direct anterior bifurcation of the abdominal aorta, and extension of the unnamed artery, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery. Anonymous artery root also showed tumor-like bulging, thrombosis within the dissection. Ascending aortic intima with a small amount of fat lines or spots scattered. From the aortic ring 9.2 and 13.3cm, the outer wall to see each tear, the former triangular triangular rupture (1.6 × 1.2cm), the latter