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日本汇率政策在不同经济发展阶段的调整揭示出:一国技术的发展阶段和微观企业技术创新的方式及能力是汇率变动对一国国际贸易影响的关键;一国如果处于技术赶超阶段的中早期,并且微观企业有充分的技术引进改良能力,则本币升值能通过促进本国产业技术升级带动一国的出口;一国技术如果已经完成赶超,并且企业缺乏自主创新能力,则本币升值不仅会降低一国产品的国际竞争力,而且也使低成本从国外引进技术的意义变小;消除人民币升值对中国宏观经济不利影响的关键在于,中国微现企业是否能充分利用人民币升值条件,低成本地利用进口的技术设备,并结合企业自身改良以提高企业的生产效率。
The adjustment of Japan’s exchange rate policy at different stages of economic development reveals that the development stage of a country’s technology and the ways and capabilities of technological innovation in micro-enterprises are the key to the impact of exchange rate changes on a country’s international trade. If a country is in the stage of technology catching up Early, and micro-enterprises have the full ability to introduce and improve technology, then the appreciation of the domestic currency can promote domestic technology upgrading to promote the export of a country; if a country has completed technology catching up, and enterprises lack the ability of independent innovation, the appreciation of the currency will not only Reduce the international competitiveness of a country’s products, but also make it less meaningful to introduce low-cost technologies from abroad. The key to eliminating the negative impact of the renminbi’s revaluation on China’s macro-economy lies in whether China’s micro-enterprises can make full use of the conditions for RMB appreciation and low costs Use of imported technology and equipment, combined with their own improvements to improve the production efficiency of enterprises.