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电阻点焊是轨道机车车辆不锈钢车体板梁式承载结构主要焊接形式。不锈钢车体结构成型通常需要3万~4万个焊点,合理的选择焊点模拟方式是创建高精度车体有限元模型的关键技术之一。通过设计典型的帽型梁结构,对其进行试验模态分析,同时基于有限元数值模拟仿真平台,创建了9种不同焊点模拟方式的帽型梁有限元模型并提取其计算模态参数,分析试验值与计算值的误差,对不同焊点模型仿真精度进行了研究。结果表明:CWELD(ELPAT)以及CWELD(GRIDID)焊点模拟方式仿真精度高、批处理方便以及建模时间短,可作为不锈钢车体点焊结构仿真分析的首选模型。
Resistance spot welding is the main welding form of stainless steel plate girder bearing structure of rail locomotive. Stainless steel body structure usually takes 30,000 to 40,000 spot welds. A reasonable choice of welding spot simulation method is one of the key technologies for creating the finite element model of high-precision bodywork. Through the design of the typical hat-beam structure, the experimental modal analysis is carried out. At the same time, based on the finite element numerical simulation platform, nine kinds of hat-beam finite element models are established and their modal parameters are extracted. The error between test value and calculated value is analyzed, and the simulation accuracy of different welding spot models is studied. The results show that the CWELD (ELPAT) and CWELD (GRIDID) solder joint simulation methods have the advantages of high simulation precision, convenient batch processing and short modeling time, which can be used as the first choice model for the simulation analysis of spot welding structure of stainless steel body.