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硅藻是一类微小的单细胞藻类,具有由无定形氧化硅组成的坚硬细胞壁(硅壳)。硅壳具有精致的形态和结构,且随硅藻种类和生长条件不同而千变万化。目前估算的硅藻种类超过200 000种,其独特的纳米结构对光子结构、化学生物传感器、新纳米材料和器件的开发具有启发意义。同时硅藻形态形成学和分子生物学的研究,可以推动硅质材料的仿生合成、化学转化及模板技术的发展。因此设计和生产特殊形态的硅壳,在纳米技术领域具有广泛应用前景。
Diatoms are a group of tiny unicellular algae with hard cell walls (silica shells) composed of amorphous silica. Silicone shell has an exquisite morphology and structure, and with the diatom species and growth conditions vary. Currently estimated over 200 000 species of diatoms are unique and their unique nanostructures are instructive for the development of photonic structures, chemical biosensors, new nanomaterials and devices. At the same time, the research of diatom morphogenesis and molecular biology can promote the biomimetic synthesis of silicon materials, chemical transformation and the development of template technology. Therefore, the design and production of special shape of the silicon shell in the field of nanotechnology has a wide range of applications.