早在400多年以前就有人提出海水淡化的问题,进入20世纪后,海水淡化技术随着水资源危机的加剧得到了加速发展,70年代以来,更多的沿海国家由于水资源匮乏而加快了海水淡化的产业化。目前,无论是中东的产油国还是西方的发达国家都建有相当规模的海水淡化厂。沙特、以色列等中东国家70%的淡水资源来自于海水淡化,美国、日本、西班牙等发达国家为了保护本国的淡水资源也竞相发展海水淡化产业。截至1997年底,全世界单台产量在100吨/日以上的海水淡化设备,日产水量就已达2300万吨,且一直以10％—30％的速度增长,由此带动了谈 As early as more than 400 years ago, some people raised the issue of seawater desalination. Since the 20th century, seawater desalination technology has accelerated with the intensification of the water crisis. Since the 1970s, more coastal countries have accelerated sea water due to the shortage of water resources Desalination of the industrialization. At present, both the oil-producing countries in the Middle East and the developed countries in the West have a considerable scale of desalination plants. Seventy percent of freshwater resources in Middle East countries such as Saudi Arabia and Israel come from desalination. Developed countries such as the United States, Japan and Spain also compete to develop desalination industry in order to protect their freshwater resources. As of the end of 1997, the world’s single desalination plant with a production of more than 100 tons / day had produced 23 million tons of water per day and has been growing at a rate of 10% -30%