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这里所说的古汉语,指的就是上古(先秦两汉)汉语。本文主要讨论如何区分古汉语的内动词(不及物动词)和外动词(及物动词)的问题。对于如何区分汉语动词的内动和外动的问题,语法学家的意见是不一致的。马建忠说: 凡动字之行仍存乎发者之内者,曰“内动字”,省曰“内动”。凡动字之行发而止乎外者,曰“外动字”,省曰“外动”。不难看出,马氏区分动词的内动和外动是从动词的意义出发的。这种区别法要碰到一些
Ancient Chinese here refers to the ancient (pre-Qin and Han Dynasties) Chinese. This article mainly discusses how to distinguish between the inner verbs (intransitive verbs) and the outer verbs (transitive verbs) in ancient Chinese. The grammatist’s opinion is inconsistent about how to differentiate the internal and external movements of Chinese verbs. Ma Jianzhong said: Where the action trip still remain within the hair person, saying “within the word”, the province said “within”. Where the action trip to send and stop the outsiders, saying “outside the word”, the province said “outside”. It is not difficult to see that Markov differentiates the internal and external movements of a verb from the meaning of the verb. This difference method to meet some