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采用断口分析、金相检测、硬度测定和光谱分析等方法,分析了润加氢压缩机排气阀螺栓断裂失效的原因。结果表明:断面有明显疲劳辉纹,螺栓为疲劳断裂,且疲劳裂纹源于螺纹根部的制造或安装缺陷以及硫化物腐蚀坑;不合理的热处理造成了材料硬度从表面到心部逐渐增大,这也是导致螺栓断裂失效的重要原因;针对以上失效原因,提出了相应的改进措施。
Fracture analysis, metallographic examination, hardness measurement and spectral analysis methods were used to analyze the reasons for the failure of the bolts of the hydrogenation compressor. The results show that there are obvious fatigue fringes in the cross section, the fatigue fracture of the bolt, and the fatigue crack originating in the manufacturing or installation defects of the root of the screw thread and the corrosion pit of the sulfide. Unreasonable heat treatment causes the hardness of the material to gradually increase from the surface to the heart, This is also an important reason that leads to the failure of bolt failure. In view of the above reasons of failure, the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.