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目的了解布鲁氏菌病健康教育前后锡林浩特市牧民对防治知识掌握程度及行为改变情况,为开展下一步布鲁氏菌病防治工作提供科学依据。方法在锡林浩特市选择2个具有代表性牧场的人群开展调查,干预组为白音锡勒牧场,对照组为白音库伦牧场,采用问卷调查对健康教育前后牧民布鲁氏菌病防治知识和行为方式的改变情况进行分析。结果白音锡勒牧场布鲁氏菌病感染常识知晓率87.4%、治疗常识知晓率89.5%、防护行为知晓率为57.9%,均高于干预前防治知识知晓率;白音库伦牧场布鲁氏菌病感染常识知晓率为74.3%、治疗常识知晓率为85.8%、防护行为知晓率为49.9%。2组在布病防治知识知晓率上显示,只有感染常识这一方面知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.06,P<0.05)。结论通过开展健康教育,牧民掌握布病的防治知识水平明显提高,但行为改变的效果没有达到预期目的,说明健康教育在布病防治中喜忧参半,既不要低估健康教育在布病防治中的作用,也不要高估其作用,而是在长期坚持开展健康教育和行为干预工作的同时采取以控制传染源为主的综合性防治措施。
Objective To understand the mastery degree and behavioral changes of prevention and control knowledge of pastoralists in Xilinhot before and after the education of brucellosis health education so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods Two groups of representative ranches were selected in Xilinhot. The intervention group was Baiyinxile ranch. The control group was Baiyinculun ranch. Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevention and control measures of brucellosis before and after health education Ways to change the situation for analysis. Results The prevalence of brucellosis infection in Baiyinxile ranch was 87.4%, 89.5%, 89.9%, and 57.9%, respectively, which were higher than those of pre-intervention prevention and control knowledge. Common sense of bacterial infection was 74.3% awareness, awareness of treatment of common sense was 85.8%, awareness of protective behavior was 49.9%. In the two groups, the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of brucellosis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in awareness rate (χ2 = 9.06, P <0.05) only in common sense. Conclusion Through the implementation of health education, the herdsman’s knowledge of prevention and treatment of brucellosis increased significantly, but the effect of behavioral change did not achieve the expected goal, indicating that health education was mixed in the prevention and treatment of brucellosis, neither underestimating the role of health education in the prevention and treatment of brucellosis, Do not overestimate its role, but rather take a comprehensive preventive and control measures focusing on the control of sources of infection while insisting on carrying out health education and behavioral intervention in the long run.