为实现单层网壳结构构件冗余度的均衡分布，减小构件间的重要性差异，提高结构抵抗荷载作用的能力。将基于灵敏度分析的构件冗余度评价方法应用到单层网壳结构中，以衡量构件在结构中的重要性；而后根据构件冗余度系数值的大小，将结构构件划分为重要构件、一般构件和次要构件三个不同层次的构件集合，实现结构构件的分类控制；在此基础上以构件的截面参数为优化变量，将结构构件的冗余度标准差与各层次构件的冗余度标准差之和最小化定义为目标函数，基于粒子群算法优化结构构件的截面参数。结果表明：构件的冗余度系数可以准确地反映构件在结构中的重要性及其破坏后对结构的影响程度，减小构件间的冗余度差异，可以实现结构构件截面尺寸的合理分布，有效提升结构的整体性能和极限承载力。“,”To achieve a balanced distribution of component redundancy in the single-layer reticulated shell structure and to enhance its ultimate bearing capacity, we used the component redundancy evaluation method that based on sensitivity analysis to measure the importance of components in the structure. The structural components were divided into three types, important components, general components and secondary components according to the redundancy. The cross-section size of components was taken as the optimization variable, and the minimization of the sum of the standard deviations of the redundancy of all structural components and the components of different types was taken as the objective function. In the optimization the particle swarm optimization method was used to search for the optimal solution of the cross-section size of structural components. The results show that the redundancy coefficient of structural component can accurately reflect its importance in structure and its influence on structural performance after it is damaged, a reasonable distribution of the cross-section size of components can be realized by reducing the difference of the redundancy of structural components, and the overall performance and ultimate bearing capacity of the structure can be improved effectively.