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目的:通过对胸、腰椎上关节突棘形态的观测,为临床提供解剖学资料。方法:选用35例成人、2例儿童的完整干燥脊柱标本及5例胎儿脊柱湿标本,观察上关节突棘,用游标卡尺进行相关测量。结果:成人的颈椎、T1和L5及儿童和胎儿的全部脊柱标本上未观测到上关节突棘的存在,成人其余的胸椎和腰椎上均观察到上关节突棘,而且上关节突棘多出现在下胸椎和L1,随着胸椎序数的增加上关节突棘的出现率有增加的趋势;随着腰椎序数的增加,上关节突棘的出现率有减少的趋势。结论:上关节突棘是成人胸、腰椎的骨性结构,有必要对其予以命名;其参与椎管和椎间孔的构成,可造成相应结构受压。
OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomic data for the clinical diagnosis of thoracic and lumbar spondylolisthesis by observing its morphology. Methods: A total of 35 adult and 2 children with intact and dry spine specimens and 5 cases of fetal spine wet specimens were selected to observe the spondylolisthesis of spondylolisthesis and related measurements were made by vernier calipers. RESULTS: No upper spondylotic spine was observed in all spine specimens of adult cervical spine, T1 and L5, children and fetuses. The upper spondylotic spine was observed on the remaining thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in adult In the lower thoracic vertebrae and L1, the incidence of articular spines increased with the increase of thoracic ordinal number. With the increase of lumbar ordinal number, the incidence of upper spondylolisthesis decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The superior spondylotic spine is the bony structure of adult thoracic and lumbar spine. It is necessary to name it. The involvement of spine and intervertebral foramen can result in compression of the corresponding structure.