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目的:研究满药赤雹种子生物学特性和最佳萌发条件,为赤雹栽培种植提供理论依据。方法:赤雹种子形态、千粒重、含水量、生活力以及在不同浸种时间、不同温度、不同超声时间和不同发芽床条件下的发芽情况。结果:赤雹种子平均长度约为4.96 mm,宽度约为3.25 mm,厚度约为1.08 mm,千粒重平均约为14.03 g,含水量为10.10%,种子生活力达到90.33%。在光照、温度等因素相同的条件下,赤雹种子在浸种12 h后发芽始期最短,发芽率和发芽势最高;不同温度对赤雹种子发芽有显著影响,赤雹种子在25～30℃条件下萌发率最高;不同超声时间对发芽有影响,其中超声时间10 min,发芽率和发芽势最高;在不同的发芽床中,纸上发芽率最高为89.33%。结论:在双层滤纸床上,浸种12 h,超声10 min,25～30℃光照培养箱中,最适宜赤雹种子的萌发。
OBJECTIVE: To study the biological characteristics and germination conditions of full-grown red hail seeds and provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of red hail. Methods: The morphology, weight per spike, water content, viability, seed germination under different seed soaking time, different temperature, different ultrasonic time and different germination conditions were studied. Results: The average length of seeds was 4.96 mm, the width was about 3.25 mm, the thickness was about 1.08 mm, the average grain weight was about 14.03 g, the water content was 10.10% and the seed viability was 90.33%. Under the same conditions of light and temperature, the germination time and the germination energy of the red hail seeds were the shortest after soaking for 12 h, the germination rate and the germination energy were the highest under different temperature conditions. The germination of the red hail seeds was significantly affected by different temperatures. Under the conditions of 25-30 ℃ The germination rate was the highest under different ultrasonic time. The germination rate and germination energy were the highest in 10 min ultrasonic time. The highest germination rate was 89.33% in different germination beds. Conclusion: In the double-layered filter paper bed, soaking for 12 h, sonication 10 min, 25-30 ℃ light incubator, the most suitable germination of red hail seeds.