论文部分内容阅读
目的分析攀枝花市仁和区突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为有效预防和控制突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对仁和区2004—2012年通过网络报告的突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果该区9年共报告突发公共卫生事件14起,波及8 943人,发病549例,罹患率6.14%;死亡5例(均是农民),病死率0.91%;较大级事件4起,一般级事件7起,未分级事件3起;发生季节主要在第2、第3季度;以传染病暴发疫情(64.29%)和食物中毒(35.71%)为主;罹患率和病死率最高的是食物中毒,分别为47.06%、3.85%;事件主要发生在农村(71.43%),发病人数最多的是学生(81.42%);实验室检测确诊11起(78.57%)。传染病报告的及时性平均为8.66 d,食物中毒平均为15 d。结论加强学校呼吸道传染病、农村家庭食物中毒和人兽共患传染病管理以及充分发挥实验室检测结果的支持作用是仁和区有效预防控制突发公共卫生事件发生的主要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of emergent public health emergencies in Renhe District of Panzhihua City and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the public health emergencies reported in the network from 2004 to 2012 in Renhe District. Results A total of 14 public health emergencies were reported in 9 districts over the past 9 years, affecting a total of 8 943 people and 549 cases with a prevalence rate of 6.14%, 5 deaths (all farmers) and a case fatality rate of 0.91% 7 cases of general level events and 3 cases of unfractionated events. The occurrence season was mainly in the 2nd and 3rd quarters. Outbreaks of infectious diseases (64.29%) and food poisoning (35.71%) were the major ones. The morbidity and mortality rates were the highest The incidence of food poisoning was 47.06% and 3.85% respectively. The incidence was mainly in rural areas (71.43%). The highest incidence was students (81.42%). Laboratory tests confirmed 11 cases (78.57%). The timeliness of reporting of infectious diseases averaged 8.66 days and food poisoning averaged 15 days. Conclusion The main measures to effectively prevent and control sudden public health emergencies in Renhe district are to strengthen the management of school respiratory tract infectious diseases, the management of rural family food poisoning and zoonosis as well as the full support of laboratory test results.