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目的探讨水下冲击伤后肺的病理学改变。方法成年杂种犬29只,布放于离爆心10.36~15.25m处,分别用968、1 019、1 020g TNT水下3m爆炸,水中压力传感器测定冲击波物理参数,观察伤后肺的大体形态学改变以及光镜和电镜下组织结构的变化。结果肺损伤的发生率达93.1%,大体形态学改变主要为肺出血、肺淤血和肺水肿;光镜下可见肺泡腔内有大量的红细胞及纤维蛋白渗出;电镜下可见肺泡壁毛细血管内皮细胞破坏严重,部分线粒体出现空泡变与髓鞘样结构,常可见脱落的变性的肺泡II型上皮细胞等特点。结论严重的肺出血和肺水肿可能为动物水下冲击伤早期死亡的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the pathological changes of lung after underwater injury. Methods Twenty-nine adult hybrid dogs were placed in the area of 10.36-15.25m away from the explosion heart, and explored the underwater shock wave parameters with 968, 1901 and 120g TNT respectively. The physical parameters of the shock wave were measured by water pressure transducer. As well as light and electron microscopy changes in tissue structure. Results The incidence of lung injury was 93.1%. The main morphological changes were pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary congestion and pulmonary edema. A large number of erythrocytes and fibrin exudation were seen in the alveolar cavity under light microscope. The changes of pulmonary capillary endothelium Severe cell damage, some mitochondria vacuolization and myelin-like structure, often seen off the degeneration of alveolar type II epithelial cells and so on. Conclusions Severe pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may be the main causes of early death of animals under the impact of underwater injury.