启示之四:产业集群有利于节省交易成本交易成本包括:第一,寻找交易对象的成本。比如,织布厂要买纱,就需要寻找纱厂。为了货比三家,寻找一家还不够,需要多找几家。需要分别到这些纱厂去看设备,看看产品,然后决定购买对象。第二,达成交易的成本。比如,围绕价格、交货方式、结算方式等,双方可能存在较大分歧,需要反复的沟通,加上相互又不了解,以防受骗,合同文本需要反复考虑,改了一遍又一遍,结果,一来买就是几个月,严重影响工作。第三,合同执行的成本。在合同执行中,供货方认为产品质量符合合同要求,而购货方则认为产品质量与合同要求不一致,希望重新供货,一个来回就是几个月。特别是货款的结算,由于中国社会信用状况不好,不少企业恶意拖欠,供货方供了货,购货方不给钱,再加上中国许多产品严重地供大于求,更助长了购买方的拖欠行为。这种拖欠行为,也成为 Revelation four: Industrial clusters help to save transaction costs Transaction costs include: First, find the cost of the transaction object. For example, weaving factories to buy yarn, you need to find the mill. In order to shop around, find one is not enough, you need to find a few more. Need to go to these mills to see the equipment, take a look at the product, and then decided to buy the object. Second, the cost of the transaction. For example, there may be big differences between the two sides concerning price, delivery methods and settlement methods, which require repeated communication and mutual ignorance to prevent being cheated. The contractual texts need to be repeatedly considered and changed again and again. As a result, A few months to buy, seriously affecting the work. Third, the cost of contract execution. In the implementation of the contract, the supplier that the product quality meets the contract requirements, while the buyer that the product quality and contract requirements are inconsistent, hope to re-supply, a back and forth is a few months. In particular, due to the poor credit conditions in China’s society, many enterprises arrears arrogantly, the supplier supplies the goods, and the buyer does not give any money. In addition, many products in China are seriously oversupplied, which further encourages the purchase Party’s default behavior. This act of default also becomes