论文部分内容阅读
目的了解某蓄电池生产地区(A、B、C、D四个村)6～12岁儿童铅暴露状况。方法于2007年10至11月在某蓄电池生产地区(A、B、C、D村)采用分层随机抽样的方法,并采用自制问卷调查当地309名6～12岁儿童,并采集静脉血、头发、指甲样品,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测血铅、发铅、甲铅含量。结果被调查儿童血铅几何均值为71.2μg/L, 54名儿童血铅≥100μg/L(铅超标率为17.5%)。男女儿童血铅几何均值分别为75.0μg/L、67.5μg/L。A村6～10岁儿童血铅水平高于11～12岁儿童,B村男童血铅水平、铅超标率高于女童。A村(与D村比较)、6～10岁(与11～12岁比较)、男孩(与女孩比较)为儿童血铅超标危险因素,OR值分别为9.110、2.484、2.102。发铅、甲铅含量与血铅浓度均为正相关,男童发铅水平高于女童。结论A村儿童铅暴露最严重;发铅受性别影响;发铅、甲铅可作为铅中毒辅助诊断指标,对铅暴露有提示作用。
Objective To understand the status of lead exposure in children aged 6 ~ 12 years in a battery producing area (A, B, C and D). Methods From October to November 2007, stratified random sampling method was used in a battery producing area (village A, B, C, D), and 309 local children aged 6 to 12 years were surveyed by self-made questionnaire. Venous blood, Hair, nails samples, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for blood lead, hair lead, lead content. Results The average blood lead level of children surveyed was 71.2μg / L, and the blood lead level was over 100μg / L in 54 children (lead overweight rate was 17.5%). The geometric mean blood lead levels for boys and girls were 75.0 μg / L and 67.5 μg / L, respectively. Blood lead levels in children aged 6 to 10 years in village A were higher than those in children aged 11 to 12 years. Blood lead levels in boys in village B were higher than those in girls. A village (compared with village D), 6 to 10 years old (compared with 11 to 12 years old), boys (compared with girls) were risk factors for excessive lead in children, OR values were 9.110,2.484,2.102. Hair lead, lead content and blood lead levels are positively correlated, boys hair lead levels higher than girls. Conclusion Lead exposure in village A was the most serious. Lead exposure was affected by gender. Lead and lead levels could be used as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for lead poisoning, suggesting lead exposure.