测试的反拨效应是指测试对老师的教和学生的学产生的负面或正面的影响。反拨效应研究在测试领域是一个重要研究课题。近年来,国内外对反拨效应从理论到实践都进行了大量的研究,特别是在对重大测试(如专业英语四、八级、大学四级、六级考试、托福、雅思等)的反拨效应研究。这些研究成果不但丰富了测试理论,也上促进了测试和教学改革的实践。全国高考英语测试(NMET)是为高等学校选拔中学毕业生的一种高风险测试,人们对这一测试的后期影响有大量的 The backwash effect of a test is the test’s negative or positive impact on teacher education and student learning. Backwash effect research in the field of testing is an important research topic. In recent years, there has been a great deal of research on the theory of backwash effect at home and abroad, especially in the major tests (such as professional English four, eight, university four, six, TOEFL, IELTS, etc.) Research on dialing effect. These research results not only enrich the test theory, but also promote the practice of testing and teaching reform. National Test English Test (NMET) is a high-risk test for the selection of secondary school graduates in higher education, people have a lot of late impact on this test