棉属现有种40余个,但被栽培的棉花大都属于陆地棉类型,其细胞质来源单一,种内分化小。为了培育细胞质多样化的陆地棉品种,提高棉花产量、品质和抗逆性,国内外正在开展棉属种间远缘杂交,将外源细胞质转移到陆地棉中。据一些研究报道,异种胞质在陆地棉中表现了特定的胞质效应,如雄性不育、胚珠外露、花药减少、产量下降、抗感病虫、子指增加和种子抗老化性能降低等。 There are more than 40 species of cotton genus, but most cultivated cotton belonged to the genus Upland cotton, with a single source of cytoplasm and small intra-species differentiation. In order to cultivate a variety of cytoplasmic upland cotton varieties and improve cotton yield, quality and resistance, distant cotton cross hybridization is being carried out at home and abroad, and the exogenous cytoplasm is transferred to upland cotton. According to some reports, xenobiotic cytoplasm shows specific cytoplasmic effects in G. hirsutum, such as male sterility, ovule exposure, anther reduction, yield decline, resistance to disease and insect pests, increased sub-index and seed anti-aging properties.