“免费午餐”两周岁了

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  In February, 2011, a survey on the nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas of China revealed that children and youth in middle and western districts were suffering from malnutrition. Among the pupils taking the survey, 12% were found to have developmental delay and 72% feel hungry during school hours. And it was found that the weight of the male and female students of that district are 10 and 7 centimeters lower than the standard average respectively. The survey also noted that poverty of children may bring a great lose in human resources in the future, and is likely to cause the intergenerational transmission of poverty.
  2011年2月,一项关于中国贫困地区学生营养状况的调查报告揭示,中国中西部贫困地区儿童营养摄入严重不足,受调查的学生中12%发育迟缓,72%上课期间有饥饿感;该地区的学校男女寄宿生体重分别比全国农村学生平均水平低10公斤和7公斤,身高低11厘米和9厘米。报告还指出,中国儿童贫困将导致其未来人力资本巨大损失,形成贫困代际传递。
  “Free Lunch” celebrated its second birthday on 2 April, 2013. The celebrations held in Tongji University in Shanghai have attracted many celebrities and public figures. 21 media including Huasheng Online, Phoenix Weekly and Sina Weibo who have initiated the “Free Lunch” gathered together to review the development and achievements of the past two years. Statistics were released at the press conference afterwards.
  The 2012 Financial Reports of Free Lunch revealed that from the beginning of April, 2011 to March, 2013, the free lunch foundation has received 140,000 donations, with 68, 000 Yuan raised on average every day. In total, the money collected was more than 48 million which benefited 36467 students from 205 schools in 17 provinces of China. Since its foundation, there is no report of food safety and fund security accident. It has won the highest charity awards of Chinese government which is the prize for the most influential charity project. Besides, the project has, to some extent, promoted the State Council to launch the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education. Moreover, it has attracted some other public welfare organization, for instance, the current plan and library project initiated by Yi Nengjing, a famous star in China.
  2013年4月2日,“免费午餐”迎来了两周岁的生日。当天,一系列庆典活动在上海同济大学举行,吸引了社会各界知名人士参与其中。其中,发起“免费午餐”的华声在线、凤凰周刊、新浪微博等21家媒体机构首次齐聚一堂,畅谈 “免费午餐”在过去两年中的发展与收获,并在随后举办的新闻发布会上发布统计数据。
  从免费午餐2012年财务报告可以看到,自2011年4月2日正式启动至2013年3月,“免费午餐”基金共接受捐赠资金约14万笔,平均每天募集善款6.8万元。募款总额超过4,800万元,覆盖了中国17个省区的205所贫困山区学校,共有3,6467名学生受益。“免费午餐”创立至今,未发现一起食品安全事故和资金安全问题,并获得了中国政府慈善最高奖——“最具影响力慈善项目”的荣誉。同时,“免费午餐”还一定程度上促成了国务院启动实施农村义务教育学生营养改善计划。此外,“免费午餐”还吸引了其他公益团队的加盟。比如暖流计划,比如伊能静的静心图书室等等。   Deng Fei, founder of the project confessed that he had not realized that the day of the success could come so quickly. The poor students in Guizhou province with no lunch to eat were still fresh in his mind and that is why he started the program. In order to help the students to grow in a more healthy way, Deng Fei and 500 journalists from the mainstream media in china established the China social welfare foundation on 2 April, 2011, aiming to launch the free lunch project. It has proposed to donate 3 Yuan every day for the poverty-stricken students to buy lunch. The purpose of them is to provide professional services for the government, companies, public welfare organizations and personal donators to help those students in disadvantaged families to get free and nutritional meals.
  对于“免费午餐”公益行动取得的成功,核心发起人邓飞坦言,并非没有设想过这一天的到来,但从未奢望过这一天会来得如此之快。提及当初创建“免费午餐”的初衷,邓飞至今对贵州省黔西县花溪乡沙坝小学那群蓬头垢面,没有午餐可吃的学生记忆犹新。为了帮助中国儿童免于饥饿、健康成长,邓飞等500名记者、国内数十家主流媒体联合中国社会福利基金会于2011年4月2日发起了免费午餐基金公募计划,倡议每天捐赠3元为贫困学童提供免费午餐。邓飞等人旨在通过安全、高效、可复制的免费午餐开展模式,公开透明地为政府、企业、公益机构、个人捐赠者提供专业服务,帮助因家庭贫困而没有钱享受营养午餐的学生,使得免费午餐能成为中国儿童的基本福利。
  Thanks to the efforts of Deng Fei and other warm-hearted people, China's State Council approved the proposal and decided to make a trial run of “Free Lunch” in selected schools in ethnic prefectures and poverty-stricken counties. Ningxia Province was selected as one of the pilot regions. In only a few months, this experimental policy developed rapidly from covering 260,000 students in Ningxia to benefiting 26 million students in school nationwide. On 26th October, 2011, China's State Council launched the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education. The central authorities appropriated more than 160 billion Yuan to subsidize the nutritional meal supply for the students of compulsory education in rural areas, based on the standard of 3 Yuan per day. This policy benefited about 26 million students in 680 cities and counties.
  This was definitely good news for Deng Feng. “Our original intention was to propel the governmental intervention. We also have to clarify some conceptions that a large-scale change cannot be made only by charities and donations. Governmental funds are the most reliable resources. Before the government took over this program, we were trying to establish a model to ensure the open, transparent, real-time announcement of funds through micro-blogs. This model could continue after the government was involved.”
  Wang Zhenyao, former Director General of the Department of Social Welfare and Charity Promotion, Ministry of Civil Affairs and President of Beijing Normal University Public Interest Research Institute, believed that the launching of Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education is a miracle for the expansion of “Free Lunch” and a model of good interaction between the government and private sectors in society. “Getting such a large-scale response from the governments in such a short period of time is not only unparalleled in the history of charity in China, but also makes a head start over some western countries.”
  At present, the funds for “Free Lunch” are mainly allocated to schools through four channels: Fuji Free Lunch Fund, City Express free lunch (located in Hangzhou Charity Association), Guizhou China Morning Post Free Lunch (located in Guizhou Youth Development Foundation), and individuals’ and enterprises’ directed funding.
  随着邓飞等人的奔走呼号,中国国务院决定从2011年秋季学期起启动民族县、贫困县农村学生免费午餐试点工作,并将宁夏确定为首批试点省区。短短几个月之后,这一试点政策已从宁夏的26万名学生迅速扩张到了全国范围内的2,600万在校学生。2011年10月26日,国务院决定启动实施农村义务教育学生营养改善计划:中央每年拨款160多亿元,按照每生每天3元的标准为农村义务教育阶段学生提供营养膳食补助,普惠680个县市、约2,600万在校学生。
  这对于邓飞来说,无疑是个好消息。“我们一开始去做的目的也就是要推动政府介入。我们也必须澄清一些理念,大规模的改变,单靠民间捐款是不可能完成的。只能通过财政资金,只有依靠政府。在政府接手之前,我们正在努力做一个模型。如何通过微博实现资金公开、透明、实时公布,政府接手的同时可以把我们的模型拿过去。”
  在民政部社会福利和慈善事业促进司前司长、北京师范大学公益研究院院长王振耀看来,对于“免费午餐”而言,农村义务教育学生营养改善计划是一个奇迹;对当下社会而言,这是民间与政府良性互动的范例。“在如此短的时间内,取得如此大规模的政府回应,这不仅是中国慈善史上绝无仅有的,就是欧美一些国家也没有。”
  目前,“免费午餐”的善款主要通过四个渠道拨付学校:福基会免费午餐基金、都市快报免费午餐(设在杭州慈善会)、黔中早报免费午餐(设在贵州青基会)、个人和企业定向资助。
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