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在烟草生产上尚存在容易感病、品质需要改进等问题。试验选用烟草(革新1号)和药用植物龙葵(野生种)为细胞杂交亲本,它们是茄科不同属的植物,有性杂交不育。用二个亲本的叶肉原生质体经诱导融合、培养、选择和鉴定得到了细胞杂种(TS-28、TS-33)。将其后代在选种圃经二年培育选出了大叶型株系694-L。再将694-L株系在鉴定圃与烟草亲本革新1号及目前黄淮海烟区统一应用的标准品种G140进行二年比较鉴定。结果表明694-L对烟草花叶病和气候斑点病的抗性均比革新1号和G140有所改善。694-L的产量和评吸结果和G140相近,但有些品质还需改进。试验将细胞杂交和有性杂交选育相结合,得到了可供进一步选育的烟草新品系,为应用细胞工程改良作物提供新的例证。
In tobacco production there is still susceptible to disease, quality needs to be improved and other issues. Tobacco (Gexin No.1) and medicinal plant Solanum nigrum (wild) were selected as cell hybrid parents. They were plants of different genus Solanaceae and were sexually sterile. Cell hybrids (TS-28, TS-33) were obtained by inducing fusion, culture, selection and identification of mesophyll protoplasts from two parents. Its offspring in the selection of nurseries after two years of cultivation selected large leaf-type strain 694-L. Then, the 694-L strain was identified for two years in the identification garden and the standard variety G140 of the tobacco parental innovation No.1 and the current Huang-Huai-Hai tobacco-growing area. The results showed that the resistance of 694-L to tobacco mosaic disease and climate speckle disease were both improved than that of Gexin 1 and G140. The 694-L yields similar results to the G140, but some improvements are needed. Combining cell hybridization and sexual cross breeding, new tobacco lines for further breeding were obtained, which provided a new example for the application of cell engineering to improve crops.