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迁徙自由作为公民的一项基本人权,广为各国宪法、法律以及国际性人权文件所认可。我国1954年宪法赋予了公民迁徙自由,但1958年《中华人民共和国户籍登记条例》使我国公民从实质上丧失了迁徙自由,以后的三部宪法均未予以恢复。随着经济、政治体制改革的深入,限制迁徙自由正演变为制约我国经济高速发展的巨大障碍,它违背社会主义民主政治的要求,束缚了公民个人的自由和发展。限制迁徙自由不符合时代的发展潮流,赋予公民迁徙自由是大势所趋。
Freedom of movement, as a basic human right of citizens, is widely recognized by constitutions, laws and international human rights documents of various countries. The 1954 Constitution of our country has given citizens the freedom of movement. However, the “Registration Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Household Registration” of 1958 substantially inaugurated our citizens’ freedom of movement and all three subsequent constitutions have not been restored. With the deepening of economic and political reforms, the restriction of freedom of movement is evolving into a huge obstacle to the rapid economic development of our country. It violates the requirements of socialist democracy and limits the freedom and development of individual citizens. Restricting the freedom of movement does not meet the development trend of the times and giving citizens freedom of movement is the trend of the times.