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中国正在经历一场土地治理整顿的“风暴”。回顾2003-2004年,土地严格管理的政策如暴风骤雨般一阵紧过一阵。从发布文件的主体来看,由国土资源部到国务院办公厅,最后到国务院直接发文,规格越来越高;从2003年7月要求全国范围的开发区治理整顿到2004年4月29日土地“冻结”的紧急通知,力度越来越大。作为中国宏观调控最重要的两个控制“闸门”之一,土地成为中央政府、地方政府、开发商、市民、农民的利益博弈焦点,到底动了谁的“奶酪”?土地整顿仅仅是表面,同时中国土地制度设计和土地管理改革探索一刻也没有停止。7月22日,国土资源部启动制度改革的“百日创新”。土地“冻结”大限将在10月29日结束。从总理到普通百姓,都在问同样一个问题:土地治理整顿结束后,下一步怎么办?中央会出台什么样的政策文件?各方都在拭目以待:中国土地制度和管理体制改革会找到新的突破口吗?可操作的抓手在哪里?政策是单一的,但决策过程是复杂的。通过采访,本刊记者探寻着正在酝酿并即将出台的国土“新政”。
China is experiencing a “storm” of land consolidation. Looking back at 2003-2004, the strictly enforced land policy lags behind like a flash storm. From the main body of the release documents, from the Ministry of Land and Resources to the General Office of the State Council, and finally to the State Council issued a document, the specifications are getting higher and higher; from July 2003 called for a nationwide development zone rectification to April 29, 2004 land “Freeze” urgent notice, the intensity is getting bigger and bigger. As one of the two most important “control gates” of China’s macroeconomic regulation and control, land becomes the focus of interests of the central government, local governments, developers, citizens and peasants. Who is the “cheese” who moves? Land consolidation is only the surface, At the same time, China’s land system design and land management reform exploration moment has not stopped. On July 22, the Ministry of Land and Resources launched the “Hundred Days Innovation” of system reform. The deadline for land “freeze” will end on October 29. From the prime minister to ordinary people, they all ask the same question: What should be done next when the land administration and reorganization are completed? What kind of policy documents will be issued by the central government? All parties will wait and see: China’s land system and management system reform will find new Breakthrough? Where is the operational grab? Policy is single, but the decision-making process is complicated. Through interviews, our correspondents have explored the “New Deal” of territories that are brewing and will be introduced soon.