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迅速成长的海尔 1984年,海尔还是一个仅有800名员工,负债累累的集体小企业——青岛电冰箱总厂,当年电冰箱产量仅为600台,销售收入只有348万元,亏损达147万元。今天,海尔已发展成为品牌价值高达330亿元(2000年),拥有固定资产125亿元,出口创汇2.8亿美元,实现利税30亿元,年平均增长速度80%的中国第一家电品牌,成为享誉世界的大型企业。目前已经能够生产白色、黑色和米色家电中69个系列、10800个品种的产品。在跨国经营方面,海尔产品已经出口到欧洲、美国和东南亚等92个国家和地区。不仅在海外发展了60多个经销商、36000多个经销点,而且在海外设厂5个、在建8个。据中国海关统计,在中国出口的家电品种中,海尔产品占向德国的98%,向美国的53%,向欧洲的33.42%。海尔的竞争力,已经可以和国际著名家电企业比肩。2001年,海尔被美国家电杂志公布为全球十大家电制造商中增长最快的家电企业。2001年,张瑞敏被英国《金融时报》评为全球最受尊敬的30位企业家之一。海尔的“文化激活休克鱼”理论被收进哈佛大学的案例,张瑞敏成为第一个走上哈佛讲坛的中国企业家。
Fast-growing Haier In 1984, Haier was a 800-employee, heavily indebted collective small business—the Qingdao Refrigerator Factory. When the refrigerator output was only 600, the sales revenue was only 3.48 million yuan and the loss was 1.47 million. yuan. Today, Haier has developed into a brand value of up to 33 billion yuan (2000), with fixed assets of 12.5 billion yuan, export earnings of 280 million U.S. dollars, profits and taxes of 3 billion yuan, and an average annual growth rate of 80%. A world-famous company. At present, it has been able to produce 69 series and 10,800 varieties of white, black and beige household appliances. In terms of transnational operations, Haier’s products have been exported to 92 countries and regions including Europe, the United States and Southeast Asia. Not only has it developed more than 60 dealers and over 36,000 dealerships abroad, it also has five factories overseas and eight under construction. According to statistics from China Customs, Haier’s products account for 98% of its exports to China, 53% to the United States, and 33.42% to Europe. Haier’s competitiveness can already be compared with the famous international home appliance companies. In 2001, Haier was announced as the fastest-growing home appliance company among the world’s top ten home appliance manufacturers by the American Home Appliances magazine. In 2001, Zhang Ruimin was named one of the world’s most respected 30 entrepreneurs by the Financial Times. Haier’s “culture-activating shock fish” theory was accepted into the case of Harvard University. Zhang Ruimin became the first Chinese entrepreneur to embark on the Harvard forum.