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1 引言 新材料的出现往往来自于对物质特殊物理化学性质的研究结果。目前,人们已合成了近千万种有机化合物,并且以每年合成十几万种新的有机化合物的速度在发展。在如此众多的有机固体中究竟有哪些物理化学性质为人们所感兴趣,又怎样提供了其利用的机遇呢?除结构材料之外,可有以下几种简单的对应关系:有机固态光化学反应——光信息储存;固态反应——化学传感器;有机铁磁性——磁、磁光记录;液晶现象——电子显示;电光、非线性光学效应——倍频器、调制器、集成光学及光计算机;有机超导性——Josephon结、计算机逻辑门、强磁体、超
1 Introduction The emergence of new materials often come from the results of the study of the special physical and chemical properties of the material. At present, nearly 10 million kinds of organic compounds have been synthesized and are growing at a rate of more than one hundred thousand kinds of new organic compounds synthesized each year. What are some of the physical and chemical properties in so many organic solids that people are interested in and how they provide opportunities for their utilization? Apart from the structural materials, there are several simple correspondences: organic solid-state photochemical reactions - Optical information storage; solid state reaction - chemical sensors; organic ferromagnetism - magnetic and magneto-optical recording; liquid crystal phenomena - electronic display; electro-optic and nonlinear optical effects - frequency multipliers, modulators, integrated optics and optical computers; Organic Superconductivity - Josephson Junction, Computer Logic Gate, Strong Magnet, Ultra