论述了纳米技术是21世纪一项关键技术和国内外的研究进展，介绍了纳米材料性能特点、在材料领域的应用前景，着重介绍了纳米材料在化工新材料（包括涂料）领域的应用前景和需要解决的技术关键问题，以及纳米材料与传统材料关系。最后阐述了纳米技术与可持续发展的关系。 This paper discusses that nanotechnology is a key technology in the 21st century and its research progress both at home and abroad. The characteristics of nanomaterials and their application prospects in materials are introduced. The application prospects of nanomaterials in new chemical materials (including coatings) are also introduced. The key technical issues to be solved, as well as the relationship between nanomaterials and traditional materials. Finally, the relationship between nanotechnology and sustainable development is elaborated.