肺结核短程化疗(6个月)由于有效抗结核药利福平的出现而得以实现,然而由于包括利福平的化疗方案的成本远高于原来的12个月标准给药方案药费的10倍。尽管利福平已普遍承认是最有效的抗结核药,但由于价格昂贵限制了它在许多发展中国家的应用。动物实验与临床试验均表明,每周两次、低剂量(600mg)利福平与异烟肼(15mg/kg)合用对全身的不良反应较低。 Short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis (6 months) was achieved due to the emergence of effective anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin, however, since the cost of a chemotherapy regimen including rifampicin is well over 10 times the cost of the original 12-month standard dosing regimen . Although rifampin has generally been recognized as the most effective anti-TB drug, its use in many developing countries is limited by its high cost. Both animal and clinical trials have shown that low-dose (600 mg) rifampicin combined with isoniazid (15 mg / kg) has lower systemic adverse effects twice weekly.