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目的为应用离体快速繁殖技术进行北柴胡优良种质选育提供实验依据。方法应用分光光度法测定北柴胡移栽试管植株不同生长期的根、茎叶中柴胡总皂苷的量,应用柱前衍生化HPLC-UV法测定柴胡皂苷a和d的量,并以同型、同时的种子植株作为对照。结果北柴胡试管植株根、茎叶中柴胡总皂苷及皂苷a和d的量在试管苗阶段最低,在一年生植株中最高,在两年生植株中的营养生长期次高,在花期、果期、枯萎期依次降低;在根中的量远高于茎、叶;引种自山西左权的移栽试管植株的量均高于引种自山西陵川和万荣的类型;移栽试管植株根、茎叶中的量均高于相同类型的种子植株中的量。结论离体快速繁殖是纯化北柴胡种质和提升药材品质、提高药材产量的有效方法;快速繁殖植株具有优良的遗传稳定性,选择综合性状好的种质作为繁殖的起始材料,能够保证后代性状的优良和整齐一致;果期二级花序的种子成熟期为移栽试管植株根的适宜采收期。
Objective To provide experimental evidence for the application of rapid in vitro propagation techniques for breeding of excellent Bupleurum germplasm. Methods The amount of total saikosaponin in roots, stems and leaves of transplanted test-tube plantlets of Bupleurum bicolor was determined by spectrophotometry. The amount of saikosaponin a and d was determined by pre-column derivatization HPLC-UV. Same type, same seed plants as control. Results The contents of total saikosaponins and saponins a and d in roots, stems and leaves of Bupleurum tuberosum were the lowest in test-tube plantlets, the highest in annual plants and the second in vegetative plants. The amount of transplanting test tubes introduced from Shanxi Zuquan was higher than those introduced from Shanxi Lingchuan and Wanrong. The root of transplanting test tube plant, The amount in stems and leaves is higher than in the same type of seed plants. Conclusion Rapid propagation in vitro is an effective way to purify Bupleurum germplasm, improve the quality of medicinal herbs and increase the yield of medicinal herbs. Rapidly propagated plants have excellent genetic stability. Selection of germplasm with good comprehensive traits as the starting material for breeding can ensure The traits of offspring were fine and neat; the maturity stage of the secondary inflorescences of fruit was the suitable harvest period for the roots of transplanted test-tube plants.