在过去的几十年里,在围手术期方面,结直肠癌手术经历了一些主要的改进。术前营养风险评估,针对虚弱、骨骼肌损失患者的优化以及手术干预策略调整,都有助于改善结直肠癌手术的效果,使住院时间缩短,总体并发症减少,而不影响患者的安全。腹腔镜手术的引入更是一项重要而根本的改进,它使结肠癌和直肠癌有更好的短期预后,其长期结果也具有可比性。然而,直肠癌手术的长期效果还有待进一步观察。吻合口漏的早期识别仍然是一项挑战,未来的研究应着眼于该并发症的 In the past few decades, there have been some major improvements in perioperative colorectal surgery. Preoperative nutritional risk assessment, optimization of patients with weakness and skeletal muscle loss, and surgical intervention strategies are all helpful to improve the effect of colorectal cancer surgery, shorten hospitalization time and reduce overall complications without affecting the safety of patients. The introduction of laparoscopic surgery is an important and fundamental improvement, it has a better short-term prognosis of colon and rectal cancer, its long-term results are comparable. However, the long-term effect of rectal cancer remains to be seen. Early identification of anastomotic leakage remains a challenge and future research should focus on the