调查研究要确保工作质量,调查人员除具备较高的政治、思想和业务素质外,心理素质也是一个不可忽视的重要因素。在实践中,由于调查者不注意排除心理误差,造成调研中信息变形和失真,导致作出不符合实际的错误结论,使工作受挫,甚至给事业带来重大损失。在调查中,调查者可能会产生干扰工作正常进行,进而影响调查质量的心理误差,主要有以下十二种: 1.首因效应。首因效应指的是第一印象对以后认知所产生的影响。所谓第一印象是指刚与调查对象接触时产生的看法。因为它印象深刻,会对继 In order to ensure the quality of the work of investigation and study, the investigators should not only ignore the psychological quality but also have high political, ideological and professional qualifications. In practice, as the investigators do not pay attention to the exclusion of psychological errors, resulting in information distortion and distortion in the research, leading to unrealistic conclusions, frustrating the work and even causing heavy losses to the enterprise. In the investigation, the investigators may have the psychological error that interferes with the normal work and thus the quality of the investigation, mainly in the following twelve ways: 1. The first cause effect. The first cause effect refers to the impact of the first impression on later cognition. The so-called first impression refers to the view that came into contact with the respondents. Because of its impressive, will follow