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近10年来,白血病的治疗巳有很大进展。尤其是小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病(急淋)已取得了可喜成绩。化疗问世前,小儿急淋中数生存期仅3～4月;10年前首次缓解时间可持续1年,中数生存期约2年,存活5年以上者少于5%。到1968年,首次接受治疗的小儿急淋,完全缓解率可达80～90%,中数生存期33月,约6%可存活5年以上。近年来完全缓解率达90%以上,50%的病例可持续完全缓解5年以上,甚至可能治愈。为了提高小儿白血病完全缓解率,延长完全缓解时间和存活时间,争取治愈小儿白血病,现就其影响预后的因素作一复习。
In the past 10 years, the treatment of leukemia has made great progress. Especially in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (emergency) has made gratifying results. Before the advent of chemotherapy, the median survival of children with acute leaching was only 3 to 4 months; the first time of remission lasted 10 years ago for 1 year, the median survival time was about 2 years, and less than 5% survived for more than 5 years. By 1968, the first treatment of acute pediatric patients, complete remission rate of up to 80 ~ 90%, median survival period of 33 months, about 6% can survive more than 5 years. In recent years, the complete remission rate has reached more than 90%, and 50% of cases have sustained complete remission for more than 5 years and may even be cured. In order to improve the complete remission rate of children with leukemia, prolong the time of complete remission and survival time, and strive to cure children with leukemia, we now review the factors that influence the prognosis.