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目的探讨醒脾解郁方对抑郁模型大鼠行为学及海马与骨骼肌线粒体超微结构的影响。方法将Wister大鼠平均分成5组,即空白对照组、模型组、舍曲林组、醒脾解郁高、低剂量组。采用28 d慢性不可预见应激(CUS)建立抑郁模型,治疗各组给予相应药物灌胃,连续给药28 d。模型组、空白对照组以蒸馏水代替药液。以大鼠体重变化、糖水偏爱及旷场实验进行抑郁行为学评价,采用透射电镜观察大鼠海马神经元、骨骼肌细胞线粒体超微结构变化。结果与空白对照组相比,模型组大鼠体重增长缓慢、糖水偏爱率下降、旷场运动总路程减少(P<0.01);与模型组相比,醒脾解郁高、低剂量组及舍曲林组大鼠体重、糖水偏爱率、旷场中运动总路程均明显增加(P<0.05)。透射电镜观察结果:模型组海马神经元及骨骼肌细胞均出现线粒体数目减少、形态肿胀、空泡变性,内嵴排列紊乱甚至溶解消失。醒脾解郁高剂量组海马神经元及骨骼肌线粒体接近正常,未见肿胀及空泡变性;醒脾解郁低剂量组与舍曲林组海马神经元及骨骼肌的线粒体形态轻度肿胀,内嵴部分紊乱。结论慢性应激导致抑郁的发生中,海马与骨骼肌均会出现线粒体结构的损伤,这可能是抑郁症极度疲劳和多系统症状的关键因素之一;醒脾解郁方能改善大鼠抑郁行为学及线粒体结构损伤,其中高剂量组一定程度上比舍曲林组有效果更好的趋势。
Objective To investigate the effects of Xingpi Jieyu Recipe on the behavior and mitochondrial ultrastructure of hippocampus and skeletal muscle in depression model rats. Methods The Wister rats were equally divided into 5 groups, namely blank control group, model group, sertraline group, Xingpi Jieyu high and low dose group. The 28-day chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model was used to establish the depression model. The rats in each group were given gavage for 28 days. Model group, blank control group instead of liquid distilled water. Depression behavioral evaluation was conducted based on changes in body weight, sugar preference and open-field test. The ultrastructural changes of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results Compared with the blank control group, the body weight of model rats increased slowly, the preference rate of sugar water decreased, and the total distance of open-field exercise decreased (P <0.01). Compared with the model group, The body weight, sugar preference rate and the total distance traveled in open field of rats in forest group increased significantly (P <0.05). The results of TEM showed that the number of mitochondria, the shape of vacuoles and degeneration of vacuoles in the hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle cells of the model group were disordered, and the internal crest was disordered and even disappeared. The hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle mitochondria in the high-dose Xingpi Jieyu group were close to normal, and no swelling and vacuolar degeneration were found. The mitochondrial morphology of hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle in low-dose Xingzhi group and sertraline group were slightly swollen, Partly disordered. Conclusion Chronic stress-induced depression may cause mitochondrial damage in both hippocampus and skeletal muscle, which may be one of the key factors of extreme fatigue and multi-system symptoms of depression. Xingpi Jieyu can improve depression behavior and mitochondria Structural damage, of which high-dose group to a certain extent better than the effect of sertraline group trend.