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发作性运动障碍(Paroxysmal dyskinesias)是一组以反复发作的短暂运动障碍为特征的疾病,具有遗传和临床表现异质性。早期报道以家族性较多见,现在散发病例的报道也日渐增多。根据发作是否由自主运动所诱发,将其分为发作性运动诱发运动障碍(PKD)和发作性非运动诱发运动障碍(PNKD)两类,分别相当于早期分类的发作性运动诱发舞蹈手足徐动症(PKC)和发作性肌张力障碍舞蹈手足徐动症(PDC)。除此以外,还有发作性锻炼诱导的运动障碍(PED)、睡眠诱导的发作性运动障碍(HPD)等发作形式。本文对其有关的临床和遗传学研究进展介绍如下。
Paroxysmal dyskinesias are a group of diseases characterized by recurrent episodes of transient dyskinesia, with genetic and clinical manifestations of heterogeneity. Early reports to familial more common, now distributed cases are also increasing. According to whether the seizures were induced by spontaneous exercise, they were divided into episodes of episodic exercise-induced movement disorder (PKD) and episodic non-exercise-induced dyskinesia (PNKD), respectively. (PKC) and episodic dystonic choreoathetosis (PDC). In addition, episodes of episodic exercise-induced dyskinesia (PED) and sleep-induced episodic dyskinesia (HPD) are also available. This article describes its progress in clinical and genetic research as follows.