随着纤维内镜的应用,早期食管癌的检出明显增高。本文收集我院1964至1990年经手术切除,并经病理证实的早期鳞癌45例,着重内镜及病理进行分析。临床资料性别年龄,男31例,女14例,男女之比为2.2比1。年龄38～68岁,41～60岁年龄组最多,计37例,占82.2％。三、X线检查:45例术前均经X线钡餐检查,诊断为食管癌者22例,阳性率48.9％;未发现病变者18例,占40％,疑诊5例,占11.1％。三、内镜检查:本组41例行内镜检查66次,其中一次31例,两次5例,三次3例,四次、五次各1例。直视诊断阳性率97.6％。活检加刷片第一次阳性率75.6％(31/41);第二次阳性率87.8％(36/41);第三次阳性率97.6％(39/41)。癌灶位于食管中段35例,下段10例。四、病理结果:①大体分型:隐伏型9例(20％),糜烂型12例(26.7％),斑块型18例 With the application of fiber endoscopy, the detection of early esophageal cancer was significantly increased. This article collected 45 cases of early squamous cell carcinoma that had been surgically resected from 1964 to 1990 in our hospital and focused on endoscopic and pathological analysis. Clinical data on gender age, 31 males and 14 females, male to female ratio was 2.2 to 1. The ages ranged from 38 to 68 years old, and the 41 to 60-year-old age group had the most, accounting for 37 cases, accounting for 82.2%. Third, X-ray examination: 45 cases were X-ray barium meal examination before surgery, diagnosed as esophageal cancer in 22 cases, the positive rate of 48.9%; no lesions were found in 18 cases, accounting for 40%, 5 cases of suspected diagnosis, accounting for 11.1%. Third, endoscopy: This group of 41 cases of endoscopy 66 times, including 31 cases at a time, two cases of 5 cases, 3 cases of 3 cases, 4 cases, 5 cases each. The diagnostic rate of direct vision was 97.6%. The first positive rate of biopsy plus brush was 75.6% (31/41); the second positive rate was 87.8% (36/41); the third positive rate was 97.6% (39/41). The foci were located in the middle esophagus in 35 cases and in the lower 10 cases. Pathological results: 1 General classification: 9 cases (20%) of concealed type, 12 cases (26.7%) of erosive type, 18 cases of plaque type