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为了反对教条主义与人道主义,把马克思主义科学化,法国结构主义马克思主义者阿尔都塞在他的《保卫马克思》中提出了科学解读马克思文本的方法,即用症侯式阅读法把握马克思文本的问题式,把文本同当时的意识形态环境及其反映的社会问题联系起来,联系马克思本人的真实历史及其背后的德国和世界的真实历史,用马克思本人的方法—历史唯物主义方法去解读文本。阿尔都塞提出的文本解读方法对我们解读马克思的著作具有重要指导意义。
In order to oppose dogmatism and humanitarianism, Marx’s scientific Marxism Althusser in his theory of “defending Marxism” put forward a scientific method to interpret Marxist texts by scientifically Marxism , Linking the text with the current ideological environment and the social problems it reflects, linking the true history of Marx himself with the true history of Germany and the world behind it, and interpreting it with the method of Marxist himself - the historical materialism text. Althusser’s method of text interpretation has important guiding significance for us to interpret Marx’s work.