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1979年美国交通运输业在能源问题上争论的焦点集中于美国国营旅客运输公司的旅客列车在能耗效率方面是否可以与公共汽车、飞机及小轿车相抗衡。旅客列车是当今运输工作中能耗效率最高的一种运输形式。这种说法对吗? 美国运输部长说:“旅客列车是浪费能源的一种运输工具”。根据他公布的数据,列车的能耗效率略低于私人小轿车的平均能耗效率;大约相当于市际公共汽车能耗效率的三分之一。美国国营旅客运输公司用有力的数据驳斥了上述看法。新式旅客列车的能耗效率至少是公共汽车的两倍多。谁的意见正确?实际情况怎样呢? 首先,让我们仔细地观察一下这场争论中的有关主要资料和依据,然后再观察一下实际试验,看看是否能得到一些结论。
The focus of the energy transport debate on the transportation industry in the United States in 1979 focused on whether the passenger trains of US state-run passenger transport companies can compete with buses, airplanes and cars in terms of energy efficiency. Passenger trains are the most energy-efficient forms of transport in transport today. Is this true? The U.S. Secretary of Transportation said: “Passenger trains are a means of wasting energy.” According to his published data, the energy efficiency of trains is slightly lower than the average energy efficiency of private cars; about one-third the energy efficiency of intercity buses. The US state-run passenger transport company dismissed the above remark with strong data. New passenger trains consume at least double the energy efficiency of buses. Whose opinion is correct? What is the actual situation? First of all, let us take a closer look at the main data and evidence in this debate and then observe the actual experiment to see if we can get some conclusions.