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[目的]观察围手术期使用肠内营养治疗特别是术前使用肠内营养治疗对老年食管癌患者术后恢复、营养状况及并发症的作用。[方法]老年食管癌患者50例,根据营养风险指数(NRI)对患者营养状态分组,A组患者(32例)存在轻度或中度营养风险,术前即给予肠内营养制剂补充,共5d;B组患者(18例)无营养不良,术前不给予口服肠内营养液。两组患者术中均顺利放置鼻空肠营养管,术后第1d起给予肠内营养治疗并逐渐加量。评价患者入院时、术后第3d、第7d血清白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数,术后胃肠功能恢复及术后并发症情况。[结果]A组患者存在营养风险,术后出现并发症风险较大。通过术前5d给予肠内营养制剂补充,营养状况改善,术后胃肠道功能恢复、营养情况及术后并发症发生率与B组患者均无明显差别。[结论]存在营养风险的老年食管癌患者在术前给予营养支持治疗是促进术后恢复及降低并发症发生率的有效方法。
[Objective] To observe the effect of perioperative enteral nutrition treatment, especially preoperative enteral nutrition treatment on postoperative recovery, nutritional status and complications of elderly esophageal cancer patients. [Methods] Fifty elderly patients with esophageal cancer were enrolled in this study. The nutritional status of patients in group A were treated according to nutritional risk index (NRI). Patients in group A (32 patients) had mild or moderate nutritional risk. Enteral nutrition supplements 5d; Group B patients (18 cases) without malnutrition, preoperative oral enteral nutrition solution was not given. Nasal jejunal feeding tube was successfully placed in both groups during operation, and enteral nutrition treatment was given on the first day after operation and gradually increased. Patients were evaluated at admission, postoperative 3d, 7d serum albumin, lymphocyte count, postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and postoperative complications. [Results] Patients in group A had nutritional risk and the risk of complications after operation was high. Preoperative 5d given to enteral nutrition supplement, nutritional status improved, postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, nutritional status and postoperative complication rate and B group patients no significant difference. [Conclusion] Preoperative nutritional support for esophageal cancer patients with nutritional risk is an effective method to promote postoperative recovery and reduce the incidence of complications.