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Objective: To investigate the long-term differential drug effects on cognitiv e functioning in school-aged children exposed to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in utero. Methods: Mothers with epilepsy were recruited from specialist epilepsy cl inics and obstetric clinics from the Liverpool and Manchester region. The mother s and their children were recruited without prior knowledge of their AED treatme nt during pregnancy or the health of the offspring. A battery of neuropsychologi cal tests was applied to each mother-child pair in order to obtain a neuropsych ological profile for each child. Results: Neuropsychological investigation was p erformed on 249 children between the ages of 6 and 16. Children exposed to sodiu m valproate had a significantly lower verbal IQ when compared to children expose d to other antiepileptic drugs or not exposed at all. The same children were mor e likely to have an IQ below 69 and more likely to have memory impairment when c ompared to the othergroups. The mothers’IQ, exposure to sodium valproate, and t he number of tonic-clonic seizures during pregnancy were significant predictors of verbal IQ in this population. Conclusions:This retrospective study highlights the potential harmful effects of sodium valproate exposure in utero on neuropsychological development.
Objective: To investigate the long-term differential drug effects on cognitiv e functioning in school-aged children exposed to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in utero. Methods: Mothers with epilepsy were recruited from specialist epilepsy clics and obstetric clinics from the Liverpool and Manchester The mother s and their children were recruited without prior knowledge of their AED treatme nt during pregnancy or the health of the offspring. A battery of neuropsycholog cal tests was applied to each mother-child pair in order to obtain a neuropsychological profile for each child. Results: Neuropsychological investigation was p erformed on 249 children between the ages of 6 and 16. Children exposed to sodiu m valproate had a significantly lower verbal IQ when compared to children expose d to other antiepileptic drugs or not exposed at all. The same children were mor e likely to have an IQ below 69 and more likely to have memory impairment when c ompared to the othergroups. The mo thers’IQ, exposure to sodium valproate, and t he number of tonic-clonic seizures during pregnancy were significant predictors of verbal IQ in this population. Conclusions: This retrospective study highlights the potential harmful effects of sodium valproate exposure in utero on neuropsychological development.