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G-四链体是由富G核酸形成的独特四链螺旋结构,区别于遵循A-T、G-C碱基互补配对原则形成的传统Watson-Crick双链结构。基于G-四链体的特异分子识别特性,能够引导纳米粒子的有序组装、赋予纳米器件以刺激-响应功能,使得核酸纳米技术领域的内容更丰富多样。本文介绍了G-四链体的结构多态性,从纳米材料组装和纳米器件设计两个方面综述了基于G-四链体结构转变的核酸纳米技术,并对其研究前景进行了展望。
G-quadruplexes are unique four-stranded helical structures formed from G-rich nucleic acids that are distinct from the traditional Watson-Crick double-stranded structure formed following the principle of A-T, G-C base-pairing. Based on the specific molecular recognition of G-quadruplex, it can guide the ordered assembly of nanoparticles and give stimulus-response function to nanodevices, making the content of nucleic acid nanotechnology more diversified and diverse. In this paper, the structural polymorphism of G-quadruplexes is introduced. The nucleic acid nanotechnology based on the transformation of G-quadruplexes is reviewed from the aspects of nanomaterials assembly and nanodevices design. The prospect of the research is also prospected.