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以辣椒品种海泡一号为试验材料,采用温室大棚人工控制方式,在春季分别设置持续干旱日数(10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50 d)和补水量(0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16 mm)2因素9水平的干旱均匀试验,分析了各处理对辣椒死苗率、生理特性和产量的影响,确定了辣椒春季干旱灾害致灾因子和等级指标。结果表明:辣椒死苗率与20 cm土壤相对湿度呈显著负相关(r=-0.73);辣椒死苗率与持续干旱日数的回归关系显著,与补充水量的相关性较小,持续干旱日数可以作为辣椒春季干旱指标;随着持续干旱日数的增加,辣椒净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈下降趋势,辣椒相对产量损失呈明显加重趋势;辣椒轻度、中度、重度干旱灾害等级的临界值分别为持续干旱日数27、32和36 d,经对比验证,该干旱灾害等级指标与历史灾情相符。
Taking the pepper variety Hai Bubao 1 as the experimental material, the artificial drought control method was adopted in the greenhouse to set the number of days of continuous drought (10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50 d) and water replenishment (0 , 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 mm) 2 levels and 9 levels respectively. The effects of treatments on the rate of dead seedling, physiological characteristics and yield of pepper were analyzed. Hazard factors and grade indicators. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the rate of dead seedling and the relative humidity of 20 cm soil (r = -0.73). The regression relationship between the dead seedling rate of pepper and the number of continuous drought days was significant and the correlation with the amount of supplementary water was small. As the spring drought index of pepper; With the increase of the number of continuous drought days, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of pepper decreased, and the relative yield loss of pepper increased significantly; the mild, moderate and severe drought hazard level The critical values are the durations of dry days of 27, 32 and 36 days, respectively. After comparison and verification, the drought disaster level indicators are consistent with historical disasters.