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目的对济南市段北社区儿童家长免疫规划知识的认知情况进行调查,为改善社区健康教育,提高儿童疫苗接种率提供参考。方法 2012年3月随机抽取济南市段北社区儿童家长506名,由经过培训的调查员采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查。结果知道孩子出生1个月内需建立预防接种证的占88.1%,认为给孩子接种疫苗有必要的占95.1%,愿意按程序接种疫苗的占94.5%。对接种疫苗预防相应传染病知道一部分的占50.6%,对接种程序知道一部分占52.6%。知道服脊髓灰质炎疫苗用凉开水的占90.5%,不知道肛周脓肿禁服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的占86.4%。家长实际获取免疫规划知识的途径居前3位的是:电视广播、社区讲座、亲朋或同事,家长希望的获取途径占前3位的是:医院资料、口头告知、社区讲座。结论在工作中应加大免疫规划知识的宣传力度,加强对儿童家长的宣教,可提高疫苗接种率。
Objective To investigate the cognition of children’s immunization planning knowledge in North Section of Jinan City, and provide reference for improving community health education and raising children’s vaccination rate. Methods In March 2012, 506 parents of children in Bei Community of Jinan City were randomly selected and investigated by trained investigators using self-designed questionnaires. As a result, 88.1% of the children were required to have a vaccination certificate within one month of birth, 95.1% thought it necessary to vaccinate a child, and 94.5% were willing to vaccinate on a routine basis. About 50.6% knew part of the vaccination to prevent the corresponding infectious disease and 52.6% knew about the part of the vaccination program. Know that polio vaccine with cold water accounted for 90.5%, do not know perianal abscess for polio vaccine for 86.4%. The top 3 ways in which parents actually acquire knowledge of immunization programs are: TV broadcasts, community talks, friends or relatives, and parents’ access to the top 3 are: hospital materials, verbal information and community talks. Conclusion In the work, we should intensify the publicity of immunization planning knowledge and strengthen the propaganda of children’s parents so as to increase the vaccination rate.