很少有人轻易提及康德审美的功用性,事实上审美的功用性,是康德美学内部的原有话题,它可体现于两方面。其一是康德眼中的审美,可趋向于目的、意图。审美在目的性的使用中,逐渐蜕变为手段、工具,此即是康德所说的依待美。依待美展现的路径,要而言之有二,路径之一,是对象作为美的整体,与预设的目的概念相牵连;路径之二,是对象作为美的部件,被有目的地使用着,并参与到目的实现的过程当中。依待美因充当着工具而具有功用性。其二则是康德美学中,审美的最后趋向,是社会性的交流。康德的反思判断,一方面就审美的对象与主体看,表现出对差异性的高度尊重,另一方面就审美的普遍性与必然性说,则体现出对共通性的极度向往,因而能促进交流的有效展开。若离开社会交流,审美将失去它的魅力。审美因作为交流的媒介而具有功用性。 Few people can easily refer to Kant’s aesthetic function. In fact, the aesthetic function is the original topic of Kant’s aesthetics. It can be reflected in two aspects. One is Kant’s aesthetic in the eyes, which may tend toward the purpose and intention. In the purpose of the use of the aesthetic, gradually transformed into means, tools, which is what Kant said the United States to be. According to the path to be exhibited by the United States, it goes without saying that one of the ways is that the object as a whole of beauty is implicated in the preconceived notion of purpose. The second path is that the object is purposely used as a component of beauty, And participate in the process of achieving the purpose. At the United States due to serve as a tool and have utility. The second is Kant’s aesthetics, the last trend of aesthetic, is a social exchange. Kant’s reflective judgment, on the one hand, shows a high degree of respect for differences on the subject and subject of the aesthetic, on the other hand, as far as the universality and necessity of the aesthetic are concerned, it shows the extreme longing for commonality and thus facilitates the exchange Effective expansion. If you leave the social exchange, the aesthetic will lose its charm. Aesthetics is utilitarian as a medium of communication.