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本文分析了在杭州肿瘤医院放疗的儿童、青少年鼻咽癌103例临床表现、疗效及远期并发症。五年生存率为51.5％,十年生存率为38.5％,比成年组高。疗效与年龄、性别、病期、原发灶侵犯范围,原发灶和颈部转移灶控制情况有密切关系。探讨了该年龄组鼻咽癌放疗疗效较好和放疗后远期并发症——垂体机能低下的机理。为了避免这种并发症,儿童鼻咽癌放疗剂量应适当低于成年组,设野时尽可能避开垂体。
This article analyzed the clinical manifestations, curative effect and long-term complications of 103 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents who were treated with radiotherapy at Hangzhou Cancer Hospital. The five-year survival rate is 51.5%, and the 10-year survival rate is 38.5%, which is higher than that of the adult group. The curative effect is closely related to age, sex, stage of disease, range of primary tumor invasion, and control of primary tumor and cervical metastasis. The effects of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this age group and the long-term complications after radiotherapy—the mechanism of hypopituitarism—are discussed. In order to avoid this complication, the dose of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children should be lower than that in the adult group, and the pituitary should be avoided as much as possible during establishment.