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使用纯度低或真实性差的杂交种子会给农业生产造成极大损失。然而杂交种子的纯度无法单纯从种子形态上鉴别．本文首次采用ＲＡＰＤ特异扩增谱带做为分子标记对水稻杂交种纯度进行了鉴定。汕优６３杂交水稻种子由中国水稻研究所从某制种单位随机取样获得。珍汕９７Ａ不育系和明恢６３恢复系等品种由中国水稻研究所提供。在做形态观察的同时，分别取上述三种材料叶片制备ＤＮＡ作为初始模板ＤＮＡ。对３００个ＲＡＰＤ随机引物，经过三次多态性初筛复筛，发现随机引物Ｐ１８可以稳定地扩增出一条来源于父本明恢６３的０．８ｋｂ的特异条带。用Ｐ１８引物对１００株汕优６３杂交单株进行ＲＡＰＤ扩增，其中８３个获得了０．８ｋｂ特异条带（Ｆｉｇ．１ｕｐｐｅｒ）。分子杂交证明其结果是可靠的（Ｆｉｇ．１Ｌｏｗｅｒ）。以ＲＡＰＤ扩增结果为依据，对这１００株材料进行植株形态比较，发现那１７个不能扩增出特异条带的单株均为假杂种。说明该制种单位汕优６３的假种率为１７％。大大超过农业部的有关规定。应对其原因和后果进行追究。用Ｐ１８引物对１８种分别为籼粳及其中间型的常用稻种进行ＲＡＰＤ扩增鉴定，除明恢６３的亲本──圭６３０和中间型Ｐｃｃｏｓ，Ａｕｓ３７３具有０．８ｋｂ的特异条带?
The use of hybrid seeds with low purity or poor authenticity can cause great losses to agricultural production. However, the purity of hybrid seeds can not be identified purely from the seed morphology. In this paper, the purity of rice hybrids was identified for the first time using RAPD-specific amplified bands as molecular markers. Shanyou 63 hybrid rice seeds were randomly sampled from a seed production unit of China National Rice Research Institute. Zhenshan 97A CMS and Minghui 63 restorer lines and other varieties provided by the China Rice Research Institute. While observing the morphology, the leaves of the above three materials were respectively taken to prepare DNA as the initial template DNA. For 300 RAPD random primers, after three times of preliminary screening and re-screening, it was found that the random primer P18 could stably amplify a 0.8kb specific band derived from the male Minghui 63. One hundred hybrids of Shanyou 63 were amplified by RAPD using P18 primer, of which 83 had a 0.8kb specific band (Fig.1upper). Molecular hybridization proves the result is reliable (Fig.1Lower). Based on the results of RAPD amplification, the morphological comparison of the 100 plants was carried out and found that the 17 plants that could not amplify the specific bands were all mock hybrids. This shows that the seed production unit Shanyou 63 pseudotype rate of 17%. Much higher than the relevant provisions of the Ministry of Agriculture. The causes and consequences should be pursued. 18 P18 primers were used to identify RILs of Indica-japonica and its intermediate-use rice varieties. By using RAPD analysis, except that the parents of Minghui 63-Guixuan 630 and the intermediate Pccos, Aus373 had a 0.8kb specific band,