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Jenny: Hi Mark, how is work coming along?
Mark: Good, thanks. I’m just finishing the project. The manager wants it done before the Spring Festival.
Jenny: I know. We’re almost done too, although we need a few more days.
Mark: It feels strange to have a holiday at the end of January. I’m used to winter holidays in December … just a little odd.
Jenny: I can only imagine. Do you get the same feelings for Spring Festival as you do for other holidays?
Mark: Oh no, definitely not. In America, everyone plans their holidays around the Christmas break – work, school, and businesses … everyone.
Jenny: I see. I guess it’s the same for us. Spring Festival is officially seven days and often longer for many people. Businesses are closed and everyone is enjoying themselves.
珍妮：你好，马克，工作进展的如何？
马克：很好，谢谢。我就要做完项目的最后一部分了。经理希望我们能赶在春节之前完成。
珍妮：知道了。我们的工作也快完成了，只需几天把它最终搞定。
马克：但是对我来说在一月底放假还是觉得有点奇怪。往常我的寒假假期都是在十二月底……这有点特别。
珍妮：这点我想象得到。那你在其他假期有没有现在这样的感受？
马克：哦不，肯定不会。在美国，大家都围绕着圣诞假期来安排自己的生活，不论是工作或者学习，所有的商店也会在那几天停业。
珍妮：我明白了。这跟我们的春节一样：一般持续七天，有些人甚至更长。在这段时间所有的商店也会休业，大家在这段时间可以享受美好的假期。
单词练习
Well, I'm definitely opposed to playing football in the streets.
嗯，我绝对不赞成在街上踢足球.
旁敲侧击
◆be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）……（强调结果）
He is used to eating out all the time. 他已经习惯在外面吃饭了.
be used to do sth. 被用来（做）……
In the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) paper was used to replace wood。
在汉朝，纸被用来代替木。
get used to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）…… （强调过程）
Many old men need to get used to complete retirement.
很多老年人需要试着适应完全退休后的生活。
used to do sth. 过去常常……
There used to be a variety of foods to choose from in that cafeteria.
那家自助餐馆以前有各种各样的食品可供选择。
短语、句型练习
◆ come along （情况）怎样？
How is Nick coming along with his business? I have had no news from him for a long time.
里克的生意怎么样了？我好久都没有他的任何消息了。
◆at the end of 在……结束时
I want you to write the entire text on a sheet of paper and hand it in at the end of class.
我要你把整篇课文写在一张纸上并在上课结束时交上来。
语言文化知识宝典：节日祝福语
春节(The Spring Festival）：
May you be blessed with peace and safety in all four seasons！ 四季平安。
May you be blessed with peace and safety wherever you are！ 出入平安。
Gong Xi Fa Cai！＝ Wishing you prosperity and wealth.恭喜发财。
Happy Chinese New Year! New year, new beginning. 新年快乐。
Great fortune and great favour.大吉大利。
We wish you good fortune and may all your wishes come true.吉祥如意。
May you welcome happiness with the spring. 迎春纳福。
May wealth come generously to you .财源广进。
May your happiness be as broad as the sea. 喜气洋洋。
May every task you begin be completed according to your wishes.万事如意。
May you find peace year after year. 愿您岁岁平安。
May good fortune find your door.鸿运临门。
May you have increasing great fortune every year. 大展鸿运年年高升。
Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year! 祝你新的一年快乐幸福。
圣诞（Christmas Holiday）：
Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.圣诞快乐；恭贺新禧。
Best wishes for this holiday season.致以圣诞节最诚挚的祝福。
Wishing you and yours a Merry Christmas this holiday season.
在此佳节，祝你全家圣诞快乐。
We wish you a Merry Christmas.我们祝你圣诞快乐。
Happy holidays!佳节快乐！
Wishing you a white Christmas.愿你有一个白色圣诞。
May peace and happiness be with you always.愿和平、快乐与你常伴！
May Christmas and the New Year be filled with happiness for you.
愿你圣诞和新年幸福无尽。
Mark: Jenny, I have a question. I still don’t know why Spring Festival falls at the end of January or beginning of February. I mean, why doesn’t the date fall on January 1st?
Jenny: I guess the answer is quite simple. The Spring Festival is calculated by the Chinese Lunar Calendar.
Mark: Mm, Chinese Lunar Calendar … you mean it’s based on the movement of the moon and not the sun, right?
Jenny: Exactly. So not only does the date not fall on January 1st but it also changes every year.
Mark: That’s interesting.
Jenny: But we don’t use this calendar in our daily life, that is, except for special days like planning marriages and things like that.
Mark: Yes of course. It would be hard to do business with other countries if each country used a different calendar.
Jenny: That’s true. But many cultures, including China, often use the lunar calendar to calculate special days.
马克：珍妮，我有个问题。我仍然不明白为什么寒假安排在一月底或二月初。我的意思是，如果是一年的新年的话，那为什么日期不定在元旦呢？
珍妮：这很简单。我们的新年是按照中国的农历年来算的。
马克：噢，中国农历年。你的意思是它按照月亮的运动周期而不是太阳的来计算？
珍妮：很正确。因此不仅这个时间不是元旦，而且它还会根据满月的情况不断变化的。
马克：真有趣。
珍妮：不过我们日常生活中通常是不用农历的，除非是遇到结婚，宗教节日等。
马克：当然。如果每个国家都使用不同的日期计算方法，工作就很难进行了。
珍妮：是的。但是不同的国家，比如中国，就是用自农历计算一些特殊的日子。
单词练习
I like reading his novel because it captures exactly the ethos of Elizabethan
England. 他的书准确地描绘了英国伊丽莎白时代的风土人情.
She asked me to handle the business for her. 她要我为她照管生意。
参考词汇
Engineers calculate the strains and stresses of a bridge. 工程师们计算桥梁的受压力度。
短语、句型练习
◆Not only ……but also不仅……而且
The film was not only amusing, but it also gave a valuable moral lesson.
这部电影不但逗人，而且也上了一堂有价值的道德教育课。
语言文化知识宝典
阳历（Gregorian Calendar）和阴历(lunar calendar)
世界上的历法共有三类：一类是阳历，就是以地球绕太阳运转一周的时间为一年，年的月数和月的日数可人为规定；一类是阴历，就是以月球绕地球运转一周的时间为一个月，只有年的月数可以人为地规定；第三类是阴阳合历，就是以月球平均绕地球转一周的时间为一月，但通过设置闰月，使一年的平均天数又与地球平均绕太阳转一周的时间相等，如中国的农历、藏历。
所以，中国的农历并不是阴历，而是阴阳合历。
根据中国的农历历法，每年都是有十二只年兽依次轮流当值，所以我们的中国年也就有了鼠（Rat），牛(Ox)，虎(Tiger)，兔(Hare)，龙(Dragon)，蛇(Snake)，马(Horse)，羊(Ram)，猴(Monkey)，鸡(Rooster)，狗(Dog)和猪(Pig)年的说法了。
Jenny: So what do you do over your holidays, I mean, when you’re in America?
Mark: Honestly, I don’t think it’s that different from anyone else.
Jenny: Really, I thought it was quite different. What do you mean?
Mark: Well, there are differences between Spring Festival and Christmas time but there are a lot of similarities … many don’t know that. For example, during the holidays, we like to spend time with family and friends, usually there is a lot of food, and usually there are special events.
Jenny: Mm. So even in America, many people return home?
Mark: Certainly! There’s always a rush to buy train and plane tickets in those last few days. But I don’t think it’s as difficult as it is in China?
Jenny: No, there are just so many people trying to return home. They use trains, buses, and now more and more by plane. It’s almost chaotic at times! You should have seen the situation last year!
Mark: And then there’s all the special holiday food: like turkey, stuffing, eggnog … What about here in China?
Jenny: On our special night, we eat jiaozi’s with our family. It’s a tradition, especially in the north. Some families go out for a special meal trend at a restaurant – more of a recent trend.
Mark: Sounds like fun though!
珍妮：你往常是如何度过寒假的呢，我是说，在美国的时候？
马克：老实讲，我认为也没有跟别人有什么不一样的。
珍妮：真的吗，我想应该有很大的区别吧，你的意思是？
马克：嗯，春节和圣诞节假期肯定有些不一样，但是它们也有很多共同点，也许很多人不这样认为。举例说，我们在假期会花很多时间跟家人朋友在一起享用美味的食物，我们也会有一些特别的节目。
珍妮：噢，在美国人们也会回家？
马克：当然。在那几天，大家都会急着去买票或者是飞机票。但是我觉得不会像中国那么难。
珍妮：是的，中国有那么多人赶着回家。他们坐汽车或者火车，也有越来越多的人开始坐飞机回家。这是最繁忙和混乱的时间。去年的情形你应该见过了。
马克：在美国，节日期间还会有很多食物：如火鸡、啤酒、蛋酒……，中国呢？
珍妮：在除夕夜，我们将和家人一起吃饺子。这是中国的传统习俗，尤其是在北方。现在也有一家人在饭店里吃年夜饭的趋势，而且越来越多的人选择这样做。
马克：听起来很不错。
单词练习
Chicken is often cooked with a sage and onion stuffing . 烹饪鸡肉时常放洋苏叶、洋葱等填料。
Jenny: You also mentioned special events? What do you mean?
Mark: Oh, those events that make the season special in many people’s minds.
Jenny: For example?
Mark: Well, let me think … oh sure, many colleges have special football games called bowl games. Many people get very excited about it.
Jenny: We have a special TV show every New Year - I think most people in China tune in to watch it.
Mark: That’s a lot of people. What kind of TV show?
Jenny: I think you could call it a variety show. It features singing, acting and Chinese humour. Usually, famous personalities and actors appear.
Mark: Really? You don’t sound like its exciting …
Jenny: No, no, it is … it’s just that sometimes it’s a little boring. I guess many younger people want something a little more exciting. I suppose that’s why many travel during the holiday.
Mark: It all sounds like fun though!
珍妮：你刚才提到的一些特殊的节目和活动，是指什么？
马克：喔，你知道，在这个时候会有一些活动让你留下一些特别的记忆。
珍妮：比如说？
马克：好的，让我想想，在这段时间各个大学将会举行一场特别的足球比赛，称作“杯赛”。很多人对此很感兴趣。
珍妮：春节我们也有特别的电视节目。我想大多数的中国人在那时都会调整频道收看这个节目。
马克：那么多的人！是什么样的电视节目？
珍妮：我想也可以称它为综艺表演，包括：演唱，表演，和相声。通常，许多名人和有名的演员都会参加。
马克：真的吗？不过好像听上去没有那么令人激动。
珍妮：不，只是有时也会有一些无聊。许多年轻人喜欢那些更有趣和刺激的事情。我想那就是为什么越来越多的人开始选择假期去旅游了。
马克：整个听起来很有趣啊。
注：本文中所涉及到的图表、注解、公式等内容请以PDF格式阅读原文
Mark: Good, thanks. I’m just finishing the project. The manager wants it done before the Spring Festival.
Jenny: I know. We’re almost done too, although we need a few more days.
Mark: It feels strange to have a holiday at the end of January. I’m used to winter holidays in December … just a little odd.
Jenny: I can only imagine. Do you get the same feelings for Spring Festival as you do for other holidays?
Mark: Oh no, definitely not. In America, everyone plans their holidays around the Christmas break – work, school, and businesses … everyone.
Jenny: I see. I guess it’s the same for us. Spring Festival is officially seven days and often longer for many people. Businesses are closed and everyone is enjoying themselves.
珍妮：你好，马克，工作进展的如何？
马克：很好，谢谢。我就要做完项目的最后一部分了。经理希望我们能赶在春节之前完成。
珍妮：知道了。我们的工作也快完成了，只需几天把它最终搞定。
马克：但是对我来说在一月底放假还是觉得有点奇怪。往常我的寒假假期都是在十二月底……这有点特别。
珍妮：这点我想象得到。那你在其他假期有没有现在这样的感受？
马克：哦不，肯定不会。在美国，大家都围绕着圣诞假期来安排自己的生活，不论是工作或者学习，所有的商店也会在那几天停业。
珍妮：我明白了。这跟我们的春节一样：一般持续七天，有些人甚至更长。在这段时间所有的商店也会休业，大家在这段时间可以享受美好的假期。
单词练习
Well, I'm definitely opposed to playing football in the streets.
嗯，我绝对不赞成在街上踢足球.
旁敲侧击
◆be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）……（强调结果）
He is used to eating out all the time. 他已经习惯在外面吃饭了.
be used to do sth. 被用来（做）……
In the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) paper was used to replace wood。
在汉朝，纸被用来代替木。
get used to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）…… （强调过程）
Many old men need to get used to complete retirement.
很多老年人需要试着适应完全退休后的生活。
used to do sth. 过去常常……
There used to be a variety of foods to choose from in that cafeteria.
那家自助餐馆以前有各种各样的食品可供选择。
短语、句型练习
◆ come along （情况）怎样？
How is Nick coming along with his business? I have had no news from him for a long time.
里克的生意怎么样了？我好久都没有他的任何消息了。
◆at the end of 在……结束时
I want you to write the entire text on a sheet of paper and hand it in at the end of class.
我要你把整篇课文写在一张纸上并在上课结束时交上来。
语言文化知识宝典：节日祝福语
春节(The Spring Festival）：
May you be blessed with peace and safety in all four seasons！ 四季平安。
May you be blessed with peace and safety wherever you are！ 出入平安。
Gong Xi Fa Cai！＝ Wishing you prosperity and wealth.恭喜发财。
Happy Chinese New Year! New year, new beginning. 新年快乐。
Great fortune and great favour.大吉大利。
We wish you good fortune and may all your wishes come true.吉祥如意。
May you welcome happiness with the spring. 迎春纳福。
May wealth come generously to you .财源广进。
May your happiness be as broad as the sea. 喜气洋洋。
May every task you begin be completed according to your wishes.万事如意。
May you find peace year after year. 愿您岁岁平安。
May good fortune find your door.鸿运临门。
May you have increasing great fortune every year. 大展鸿运年年高升。
Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year! 祝你新的一年快乐幸福。
圣诞（Christmas Holiday）：
Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.圣诞快乐；恭贺新禧。
Best wishes for this holiday season.致以圣诞节最诚挚的祝福。
Wishing you and yours a Merry Christmas this holiday season.
在此佳节，祝你全家圣诞快乐。
We wish you a Merry Christmas.我们祝你圣诞快乐。
Happy holidays!佳节快乐！
Wishing you a white Christmas.愿你有一个白色圣诞。
May peace and happiness be with you always.愿和平、快乐与你常伴！
May Christmas and the New Year be filled with happiness for you.
愿你圣诞和新年幸福无尽。
Mark: Jenny, I have a question. I still don’t know why Spring Festival falls at the end of January or beginning of February. I mean, why doesn’t the date fall on January 1st?
Jenny: I guess the answer is quite simple. The Spring Festival is calculated by the Chinese Lunar Calendar.
Mark: Mm, Chinese Lunar Calendar … you mean it’s based on the movement of the moon and not the sun, right?
Jenny: Exactly. So not only does the date not fall on January 1st but it also changes every year.
Mark: That’s interesting.
Jenny: But we don’t use this calendar in our daily life, that is, except for special days like planning marriages and things like that.
Mark: Yes of course. It would be hard to do business with other countries if each country used a different calendar.
Jenny: That’s true. But many cultures, including China, often use the lunar calendar to calculate special days.
马克：珍妮，我有个问题。我仍然不明白为什么寒假安排在一月底或二月初。我的意思是，如果是一年的新年的话，那为什么日期不定在元旦呢？
珍妮：这很简单。我们的新年是按照中国的农历年来算的。
马克：噢，中国农历年。你的意思是它按照月亮的运动周期而不是太阳的来计算？
珍妮：很正确。因此不仅这个时间不是元旦，而且它还会根据满月的情况不断变化的。
马克：真有趣。
珍妮：不过我们日常生活中通常是不用农历的，除非是遇到结婚，宗教节日等。
马克：当然。如果每个国家都使用不同的日期计算方法，工作就很难进行了。
珍妮：是的。但是不同的国家，比如中国，就是用自农历计算一些特殊的日子。
单词练习
I like reading his novel because it captures exactly the ethos of Elizabethan
England. 他的书准确地描绘了英国伊丽莎白时代的风土人情.
She asked me to handle the business for her. 她要我为她照管生意。
参考词汇
Engineers calculate the strains and stresses of a bridge. 工程师们计算桥梁的受压力度。
短语、句型练习
◆Not only ……but also不仅……而且
The film was not only amusing, but it also gave a valuable moral lesson.
这部电影不但逗人，而且也上了一堂有价值的道德教育课。
语言文化知识宝典
阳历（Gregorian Calendar）和阴历(lunar calendar)
世界上的历法共有三类：一类是阳历，就是以地球绕太阳运转一周的时间为一年，年的月数和月的日数可人为规定；一类是阴历，就是以月球绕地球运转一周的时间为一个月，只有年的月数可以人为地规定；第三类是阴阳合历，就是以月球平均绕地球转一周的时间为一月，但通过设置闰月，使一年的平均天数又与地球平均绕太阳转一周的时间相等，如中国的农历、藏历。
所以，中国的农历并不是阴历，而是阴阳合历。
根据中国的农历历法，每年都是有十二只年兽依次轮流当值，所以我们的中国年也就有了鼠（Rat），牛(Ox)，虎(Tiger)，兔(Hare)，龙(Dragon)，蛇(Snake)，马(Horse)，羊(Ram)，猴(Monkey)，鸡(Rooster)，狗(Dog)和猪(Pig)年的说法了。
Jenny: So what do you do over your holidays, I mean, when you’re in America?
Mark: Honestly, I don’t think it’s that different from anyone else.
Jenny: Really, I thought it was quite different. What do you mean?
Mark: Well, there are differences between Spring Festival and Christmas time but there are a lot of similarities … many don’t know that. For example, during the holidays, we like to spend time with family and friends, usually there is a lot of food, and usually there are special events.
Jenny: Mm. So even in America, many people return home?
Mark: Certainly! There’s always a rush to buy train and plane tickets in those last few days. But I don’t think it’s as difficult as it is in China?
Jenny: No, there are just so many people trying to return home. They use trains, buses, and now more and more by plane. It’s almost chaotic at times! You should have seen the situation last year!
Mark: And then there’s all the special holiday food: like turkey, stuffing, eggnog … What about here in China?
Jenny: On our special night, we eat jiaozi’s with our family. It’s a tradition, especially in the north. Some families go out for a special meal trend at a restaurant – more of a recent trend.
Mark: Sounds like fun though!
珍妮：你往常是如何度过寒假的呢，我是说，在美国的时候？
马克：老实讲，我认为也没有跟别人有什么不一样的。
珍妮：真的吗，我想应该有很大的区别吧，你的意思是？
马克：嗯，春节和圣诞节假期肯定有些不一样，但是它们也有很多共同点，也许很多人不这样认为。举例说，我们在假期会花很多时间跟家人朋友在一起享用美味的食物，我们也会有一些特别的节目。
珍妮：噢，在美国人们也会回家？
马克：当然。在那几天，大家都会急着去买票或者是飞机票。但是我觉得不会像中国那么难。
珍妮：是的，中国有那么多人赶着回家。他们坐汽车或者火车，也有越来越多的人开始坐飞机回家。这是最繁忙和混乱的时间。去年的情形你应该见过了。
马克：在美国，节日期间还会有很多食物：如火鸡、啤酒、蛋酒……，中国呢？
珍妮：在除夕夜，我们将和家人一起吃饺子。这是中国的传统习俗，尤其是在北方。现在也有一家人在饭店里吃年夜饭的趋势，而且越来越多的人选择这样做。
马克：听起来很不错。
单词练习
Chicken is often cooked with a sage and onion stuffing . 烹饪鸡肉时常放洋苏叶、洋葱等填料。
Jenny: You also mentioned special events? What do you mean?
Mark: Oh, those events that make the season special in many people’s minds.
Jenny: For example?
Mark: Well, let me think … oh sure, many colleges have special football games called bowl games. Many people get very excited about it.
Jenny: We have a special TV show every New Year - I think most people in China tune in to watch it.
Mark: That’s a lot of people. What kind of TV show?
Jenny: I think you could call it a variety show. It features singing, acting and Chinese humour. Usually, famous personalities and actors appear.
Mark: Really? You don’t sound like its exciting …
Jenny: No, no, it is … it’s just that sometimes it’s a little boring. I guess many younger people want something a little more exciting. I suppose that’s why many travel during the holiday.
Mark: It all sounds like fun though!
珍妮：你刚才提到的一些特殊的节目和活动，是指什么？
马克：喔，你知道，在这个时候会有一些活动让你留下一些特别的记忆。
珍妮：比如说？
马克：好的，让我想想，在这段时间各个大学将会举行一场特别的足球比赛，称作“杯赛”。很多人对此很感兴趣。
珍妮：春节我们也有特别的电视节目。我想大多数的中国人在那时都会调整频道收看这个节目。
马克：那么多的人！是什么样的电视节目？
珍妮：我想也可以称它为综艺表演，包括：演唱，表演，和相声。通常，许多名人和有名的演员都会参加。
马克：真的吗？不过好像听上去没有那么令人激动。
珍妮：不，只是有时也会有一些无聊。许多年轻人喜欢那些更有趣和刺激的事情。我想那就是为什么越来越多的人开始选择假期去旅游了。
马克：整个听起来很有趣啊。
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