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目的了解沧州市流行性脑脊髓膜炎(以下简称流脑)流行病学特征,探讨流脑的流行规律,加大流脑防控力度,降低流脑发病率和死亡率。方法收集2004-2012年沧州市流脑疫情监测资料进行流行病学分析,并于2008-2012年连续5年对所辖县市区健康人群随机进行流脑带菌者检测。结果 2004-2012年间共报告流脑病例67例,0~19岁病例占病例总数的80.60%。其中死亡7例,5岁以下儿童5例,死亡率最高,为33.33%;20~岁年龄组死亡2例,死亡率为15.38%。发病率逐年降低。2008-2012年连续5年对所辖县市区健康人群随机进行流脑带菌者检测分析,沧州市流脑报告带菌率平均为4.45%,逐年降低。结论沧州市流脑疫情基本稳定,注射流脑疫苗是预防流脑的有效手段。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Cangzhou (hereinafter referred to as meningitis), discuss the epidemiology of meningitis, increase the prevention and control of meningitis, and reduce the morbidity and mortality of meningitis. Methods The epidemiological data of meningococcal meningitis in Cangzhou City collected from 2004 to 2012 were collected for epidemic encephalitis detection in healthy population in urban areas under the jurisdiction of counties from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 67 cases of meningitis were reported during 2004-2012, accounting for 80.60% of the total cases. Among them, 7 died and 5 children under 5 years old, with the highest mortality rate of 33.33%. There were 2 deaths in 20 ~ age group and the death rate was 15.38%. Incidence decreased year by year. For five consecutive years from 2008 to 2012, the detection and analysis of epidemic encephalitis in healthy population in cities under the jurisdiction of counties were carried out. The mean incidence of meconium-borne diseases in Cangzhou was 4.45%, decreasing year by year. Conclusion The epidemic situation of meningitis in Cangzhou is basically stable. Injecting meningococcal vaccine is an effective way to prevent meningitis.