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目的了解不同年代我国人间鼠疫的病死率,及疫源地类型、病型、年龄和性别对病死率的影响。方法运用卡方检验、Fisher确切概率法对鼠疫病死率进行比较分析。结果建国前病死率(78.00%)明显高于建国后(34.01%)。建国初期为35.26%,之后呈波浪式起伏,90年代后呈明显下降趋势。各疫源地建国前后的病死率也存在显著性差异,1945~1969年旱獭疫源地病死率(89.52%)最高,依次为黄鼠疫源地(83.00%)、长爪沙鼠疫源地(81.31%)、黄胸鼠疫源地(70.76%)。建国后肺型(78.04%)和败血型(77.08%)鼠疫病死率较高,腺型(26.99%)和皮肤型(15.00%)病死率较低;儿童病死率(48.78%)和中老年病死率(48.83%)高于青少年病死率(39.94%);男女病死率无统计学差异。结论早期发现及时治疗可以大幅度降低鼠疫病死率;病型、疫源地类型与病死率有较高的相关性;青少年病死率较低,性别与病死率无关。
Objective To understand the mortality of human plague in our country in different years and the impact of the type, disease type, age and gender of the foci on the case fatality rate. Methods By chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test, comparative analysis of plague mortality was carried out. Results The mortality rate before establishment (78.00%) was significantly higher than that after the founding of China (34.01%). It was 35.26% in the early days after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and then fluctuated undulatingly. After the 1990s, it showed a clear downward trend. There was also a significant difference in the case fatality rates between before and after the founding of all the endemic areas. The mortality rate of the otter was the highest (89.52%) between 1945 and 1969, followed by the origin of the yellow rat plague (83.00%), %), Rattus flavipectus foci (70.76%). After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the mortality rates of lung (78.04%) and sepsis (77.08%) were relatively high, with a lower mortality rate of glandular type (26.99%) and skin type (15.00%), mortality rate of children (48.78% The rate (48.83%) was higher than that of adolescent (39.94%). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between men and women. Conclusion Early detection of early treatment can significantly reduce the plague mortality; type of disease, the type of foci and mortality have a higher correlation; adolescent mortality is low, gender and mortality has nothing to do.