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目的 探讨大剂量甲氨蝶呤治疗急性白血病时的护理措施。方法 对 18例急性白血病患者进行了 2 6例次大剂量氨甲蝶呤 (HD MTX 1～ 1.5g/m2 )治疗护理观察。结果 我们认为 ,HD MTX治疗患者对该治疗的副反应主要是口腔粘膜炎症 ,肝功能损害和感染。口腔护理效果在口腔粘膜炎症出现前进行比出现口腔粘膜炎症后再进行的好。若同时进行水化疗法、碱化尿液和防治感染则效果会更好。治疗前做好患者的心理工作也是确保取得良好疗效的必要措施之一。结论 通过护理观察 ,我们体会到 ,HD MTX治疗患者在进行治疗的同时进行口腔护理并进行水化疗法和碱化尿液及防治感染 ,对于HD MTX治疗的患者所出现的副反应有一定的预防作用。
Objective To investigate the nursing measures of high dose methotrexate in the treatment of acute leukemia. Methods Twenty-six patients with acute leukemia were treated with 26 methotrexate (HD MTX 1 ~ 1.5g / m2). Results We believe that side effects of HD MTX-treated patients on this treatment are mainly oral mucosal inflammation, impaired liver function and infection. Oral care is better before oral mucosal inflammation occurs than after oral mucosal inflammation. If at the same time hydration, alkalinization of urine and control of infection will be better. To do a good job before the patient’s psychological work is also one of the necessary measures to ensure good results. Conclusions Through nursing observation, we have realized that HD MTX treatment patients with oral care and hydration therapy and alkalinization of urine and prevention and treatment of infection while carrying out the treatment have some preventive measures for HD MTX-treated patients effect.