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以武钢程潮铁矿西区开采为工程背景,采用现场钻孔监测与相似材料模型实验相结合的方法,对无底柱分段崩落法开采过程中顶板围岩的变形和崩落规律进行了系统研究.首先,结合矿体赋存条件、地层结构和开采进程,设计两个钻孔实时监测顶板围岩的崩落规律.其次,以模型相似理论为基础,确定了所要研究模型的剖面和几何尺寸,设计制作模型,采用百分表、压力传感器和近景摄影测量等手段监测模型的应力、应变和破坏特征,并对百分表数据、应力盒数据、围岩位移和围岩破坏裂纹进行系统分析.研究成果初步揭示了金属矿山无底柱分段崩落法开采过程中,顶板围岩崩落机理和地表沉陷的基本规律.
Taking the Western Mining of Chengchao Iron Mine in Wusteel as an example, this paper systematically studies the deformation and caving of the surrounding rock during the mining of pillarless caving method by using the combination of on-site borehole monitoring and similar material model experiment.Firstly, , Combined with the occurrence conditions of ore body, stratigraphic structure and mining process, the design of two boreholes real-time monitoring roof caving road caving.Secondly, based on the model similarity theory, the section and geometric dimensions of the model to be studied are determined and designed Model, the stress, strain and failure characteristics of the model were monitored by means of dial indicator, pressure sensor and close-range photogrammetry, and the data of the dial indicator, the stress box, the displacement of surrounding rock and the crack of surrounding rock were systematically analyzed. The basic rules of roof cavern caving mechanism and surface subsidence during the mining of pillarless caving mining method in metal mines are preliminary revealed.