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本研究利用SSR方法对46个苹果砧木资源基因组DNA进行分析,了解了目前生产上常用砧木在野生资源中的遗传背景分布,并为进一步的砧木育种亲本选择提供了参考依据。本研究选用筛选出的具有较高多态性的31对引物,获得了111个多态性位点。通过NTSYS软件进行相似性系数计算,46个苹果砧木资源的相似系数分布在0.585 6~0.964 0之间,利用UPGMA法构建聚类树状图,将供试砧木品种划分为4个类群:西府海棠单独划为一类;以山荆子系为主的7个品种为第二类;三叶海棠b、丽江山定子和平邑甜茶聚为第三类;第四类群主要是新疆地方品种、楸子类和培育的砧木品种,共32个品种,聚类又分为4个组,在第四组中大部分的新疆地方品种与楸子类互为交叉聚类在一起,而M9、PAJAM2、Luo 2和Luo 6等培育的砧木品种与花红、新疆野苹果和西蜀海棠等单独聚在一起。
In this study, we analyzed the genomic DNA of 46 apple rootstocks using SSR method to understand the genetic background distribution of the commonly used rootstocks in the wild resources, and provided a reference for further selection of rootstock breeding parents. In this study, we selected 31 pairs of primers with high polymorphism and obtained 111 polymorphic loci. The similarity coefficient of 46 apple rootstocks was calculated by similarity coefficient of NTSYS software. The similarity coefficient of 46 apple rootstocks was distributed between 0.5856 and 0.9640. Clustering dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA. The rootstocks were divided into four groups: Seven species were mainly second species, Trimeresurus przewalskii, Lijiang mountain statues and Pingyi sweet tea clustered into the third category; the fourth group mainly Xinjiang local varieties, Catalpa bungei In the fourth group, most of Xinjiang local cultivars and Catalpa bungei cross-cluster together, and M9, PAJAM2 and Luo 2 and Luo 6 cultivated rootstock varieties and flower red, Xinjiang wild apple and Xishu Begonia alone together together.