目前,国内不论在钢或铜合金等金属的热挤压工艺上,为了降低摩擦,克服磨损,从而保证制品的表面质量,降低能量消耗和延长模具寿命均采用润滑。使用的润滑剂大部份是把石墨分散在矿物油中的油基润滑剂。这种润滑剂的优点是:配制工艺简单,材料来源广,价格较低廉;同时润滑性能尚优越,在低温情况下,矿物油和石墨两者皆能起到润滑作用,高温时,矿物油燃烧产生的气体起到离型作用。但是,该润滑剂存在着严重的缺点,就是污 At present, no matter in domestic hot-extrusion process of metal such as steel or copper alloy, lubrication is adopted in order to reduce friction, overcome wear and tear, ensure surface quality of products, reduce energy consumption and extend mold life. Most of the lubricants used are oil-based lubricants that disperse graphite in mineral oil. The lubricant has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide source of raw materials, lower price, excellent lubrication performance, and mineral oil and graphite both play a lubricating role under low temperature. When the temperature is high, the mineral oil burns The resulting gas plays a role of release. However, there is a serious disadvantage of this lubricant, which is fouling